<p>Therapeutic Potential Of <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Mill. Derived Selenium Nanoparticles In Arthritic Balb/c Mice</p>

Abstract

PurposeRheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory autoimmune multifactorial disorder that primarily affects the joints. Currently available treatment options, although effective, still present some side effects. This study proposes an alternative treatment option for rheumatoid arthritis through elucidation of therapeutic potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.-derived selenium nanoparticles in arthritic Balb/c mice.MethodsSynthesis and characterization of selenium nanoparticles were followed by their toxicity analysis on healthy mice. Subsequently, anti-arthritic efficacy of two doses (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) of synthesized selenium nanoparticles was checked on arthritic mice using multiple parameters.ResultsSelenium nanoparticles in 10 mg/kg dose turned out to be more effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis as evident by significant reduction in paw volume and normal clinical chemistry parameters of treated arthritic mice. This dose also showed significant antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.ConclusionFoeniculum vulgare Mill.-derived selenium nanoparticles retain significant anti-arthritic and antioxidant potential and consequently can further be explored as an alternative treatment option for rheumatoid arthritis.

Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Potential Solution to Oxidative Stress Mediated Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Associated Complications

“…The neutrophils in RA have shown increased levels of OS, lowered action of antioxidant enzymes, and more inflammation related cytokines, and treatment of SeNPs attenuated these abnormal levels as a possible mechanism of decreased NETs [92]. Foeniculum vulgare Mill.-derived SeNPs exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammation potential in arthritic albino, laboratory-bred strain of the house mouse (BALB/c) mice models; SeNPs at a dosage of 10 mg/kg showed significant potential in a 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)test, reduction in paw volume, and reversal in biochemical parameters in a treated BALB/c group [93]. Qamar et al reported the potential of SeNPs prepared from Trachyspermum ammi against RA in BALB/c mice models.…”

“…Foeniculum vulgare Mill. -derived SeNPs exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammation potential in arthritic albino, laboratory-bred strain of the house mouse (BALB/c) mice models; SeNPs at a dosage of 10 mg/kg showed significant potential in a 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)test, reduction in paw volume, and reversal in biochemical parameters in a treated BALB/c group [ 93 ]. Qamar et al reported the potential of SeNPs prepared from Trachyspermum ammi against RA in BALB/c mice models.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoselenium: A Step-by-Step Guide for Undergraduate Students

“…Biogenic-inspired SeNPs have neuroprotective potential against oxidative stress-induced cell death due to their free radical scavenging ability . SeNPs also possess anticarcinogenic and antiarthritic properties due to their abilities to decrease proliferation, specifically during the S phase of cancer cells, inflammatory cytokines, and proteins. − , These particles have also gained popularity as antimicrobial agents. They cause ATP depletion in the cell membrane, which might be responsible for cellular signaling, ROS mediated impairment in the internalization of the bacterial cell, and DNA damage …”

“…Pharmacologically active molecules present in different parts of the plants, such as leaves, stem, bark, seeds, fruit, roots, etc., help in reducing the metal salts into metal/metal oxide nanoparticles . Microbial proteins and enzymes have also been exploited for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles. , Se and Se-containing NPs have various applications such as in diagnostics due to their optical and semiconductor properties; − as a template for optoelectronic devices; as anticancer, − antioxidant, − antimicrobial, ,, and antiarthritic agents; as nutrient supplements; , and also as degrading agents for organic dyes. ,, …”

“…13 Microbial proteins and enzymes have also been exploited for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles. 14,15 Se and Se-containing NPs have various applications such as in diagnostics due to their optical and semiconductor properties; 15−17 as a template for optoelectronic devices; 18 as anticancer, 19−23 antioxidant, 23−26 antimicrobial, 21,27,28 and antiarthritic 29 agents; as nutrient supplements; 25,30 and also as degrading agents for organic dyes. 27,31,32 The present paper focuses on chemical and green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which would be helpful in guiding undergraduate students and providing all necessary information related to their step-by-step synthesis, characterization, and potential biomedical applications.…”