<p>Tumor ablation using novel photothermal Na_xWO₃ nanoparticles against breast cancer osteolytic bone metastasis</p>

Abstract

BackgroundsProfiting from the development of nanomaterials, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been discovered as efficient tumor ablation strategy for breast cancer.Materials and methodsNovel oxygen vacancy-rich tungsten bronze nanoparticles (NaxWO3) were synthesized through a simple pyrogenic decomposition process. TEM, XRD, UV-vis-NIR, photothermal conversion ability, and photothermal stability were performed. The viabilities of 293T and 4T1 cells after treating with 200 μg/mL NaxWO3 nanoparticles for 24 or 48 hrs were both above 80%, which proved the good biosafety and cytotoxicity of NaxWO3 in vitro. Two in vivo breast cancer models, namely percutaneous and intratibial 4T1 models were established and NaxWO3 (20 mg/kg) with power intensity of 1.5 W/cm2 980 nm laser photothermal treatment was used in vivo.ResultsWe successfully synthesized ~150 nm NaxWO3 nanoparticles with desirable PTT effects, as evidenced by the temperature increase from 25.8°C to 41.8°C in 5 mins under the irradiation of 980 nm laser (1 mg/mL). Also, cellular compatibility of NaxWO3 nanoparticles was found upon physiologic 293T cells, in contrast with significant cytotoxicity against breast cancer 4T1 cell in vitro dose-dependently. Besides, two in vivo breast cancer models showed the decent tumor ablation ability of NaxWO3 nanoparticles, demonstrating percutaneous 4T1 tumor elimination without recurrence during 2 weeks observation as well as intratibial breast cancer inhibition with decreased bone destruction and tumor volume after NaxWO3+PTT in vivo.ConclusionFor the first time, we developed a novel oxygen vacancy-rich tungsten bronze nanoparticles (NaxWO3) through a simple pyrogenic decomposition process for PTT. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed the good PTT ability and tumor ablation effects of synthesized NaxWO3 nanoparticles against breast cancer osteolytic bone metastasis. Additionally, our oxygen-deficient NaxWO3 nanoparticles will expand the research horizons of PTT nanomaterials.

NIR light-assisted phototherapies for bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration: A systematic review

“…At the same time, metal nanoparticles, such as the classical platinum nanoparticles, could display enhanced accumulation at cancer-bearing bone lesions and inhibit the growth of bone cancer via PTT under an 808 nm NIR laser irradiation 48 , 50 . Jie et al reported a novel kind of oxygen vacancy-rich tungsten bronze nanoparticle (Na x WO 3 ) against breast cancer osteolytic bone metastasis, which acts via the desirable photothermal effect under NIR laser irradiation 51 . This treatment strategy could also inhibit the osteoclastic RANKL and Sclerostin expression from tumor cells, thus further attenuating downstream osteoclastogenesis.…”

Progress of Phototherapy Applications in the Treatment of Bone Cancer

“…These nanoparticles could increase their temperature from 25.8 °C to 41.8 °C in 5 m under the irradiation of 980 nm laser. PTT using these nanoparticles could both eliminate the subcutaneous and intratibial tumors caused by the injection of murine breast cancer (4T1) cells [ 297 ]. In addition, the hydrogenated TiO 2 coating with hierarchical micro/nano-topographies was fabricated by induction suspension plasma spraying.…”

The optimized drug delivery systems of treating cancer bone metastatic osteolysis with nanomaterials

“…The cytotoxicity of the particles against breast cancer cells appeared in dose-dependence in vitro . In breast cancer models, Na x WO 3 + PTT group had the most effective inhibition of tumor and bone destruction (Jie et al., 2019 ). Except for organic photothermal materials, noble metal and inorganic materials both have nonnegligible cytotoxicity, low biodegradability and low biocompatibility.…”

“…BP may cause mandibular osteonecrosis and impair renal function (Sun, Han, et al., 2016 ). Denosumab was reported to increase the risk of pancreatitis and endocarditis, erysipelas, and infectious arthritis (Jie et al., 2019 ). Some newly developed drugs have not been used clinically due to their hydrophobicity, short half-life, and other disadvantages (Chew & Danti, 2017 ).…”