&lt;p&gt;Vitamin B&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt; Deficiency and Foot Ulcers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case–Control Study&lt;/p&gt;

Badedi, Mohammed; Darraj, Hussain; Hummadi, Abdulrahman; Solan, Yahia; Zakri, Ibrahim; Khawaji, Abdullah; Daghreeri, Mohammed; Budaydi, Ahmed

doi:10.2147/dmso.s233683

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Jazan Region is situated in southwestern Saudi Arabia and is characterized by a relatively homogenous population with similar ethnic and socioeconomic characteristics. [10][11][12] In the current study, a diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by the identification of viral RNA in a nasopharyngeal swab sample using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (LightCycler ® 480 Instrument II, Roche).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients

Badedi¹,

Darraj²,

Alnami³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Objective: Fatalities due to coronavirus disease 2019 continue to increase, and information on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of deceased patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 is limited in the Arab region. The current study aimed to address this gap. Methods: Three hundred and four Saudi patients in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia, who died after being hospitalized with COVID-19 between July 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, were analyzed in this retrospective cohort study. Results: A greater proportion of male patients (59%), compared to female patients (41%), died due to COVID-19. Just over half (55%) of the deaths due to COVID-19 affected patients aged ≥65 years. More than two-thirds of the deceased COVID-19 patients had diabetes (70%) and hypertension (69%); other comorbidities were obesity (30%), heart disease (30%), and chronic kidney disease (14%). Dyspnea (91%), cough (80%), and fever (70%) were the most frequently reported clinical symptoms. Eighty-five per cent of COVID-19 deaths occurred in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 90% of the patients required mechanical ventilation. Typically, lymphopenia, and neutrophilia were observed on admission and 24 hours prior to death. Creatinine and serum ferritin levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer plasma levels increased significantly following infection with COVID-19. Lung infiltrates and pulmonary opacity (83%) were the most common findings on chest X-ray. Respiratory failure (70%) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (52%) were the leading complications to death. Logistic and Cox regression revealed that a higher age, smoking, high creatinine and aspartate transaminase levels, and respiratory failure were significantly associated with the risk of mortality during the early stay in hospitals. Conclusion:The proportion of comorbidities was high in deceased patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. A higher age, smoking, and respiratory failure were significant predictors of mortality during the early stay in hospitals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients

Badedi¹,

Darraj²,

Alnami³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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“…Similar results were found in previous studies conducted in Jazan. [30][31][32] It has been found that DM-related distress 18,19,22 and depression 18,22 have a negative impact on glycemic control. In psychological conditions such as DM distress and depression, regulatory hormones and neurotransmitters, such as catecholamine, glucocorticoids, growth hormones, and glucagon, are activated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Diabetes-Related Distress and Depression in Saudis with Type 2 Diabetes</p>

Alzughbi¹,

Badedi²,

Darraj³

et al. 2020

PRBM

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Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related distress and depression and their associated factors in Saudi people with type 2 DM (T2DM) in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. It also aims to assess the association between glycemic control and DM-related distress and depression. Methods: This is an analytical, cross-sectional study which recruited 300 Saudi patients with T2DM randomly from primary healthcare centers in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. DM-related distress and depression were measured by valid questionnaires, the 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. Logistic regression and an independent t-test were performed in the statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the study population was 52.7 years, with a range of 23-83 years. The number of males was 147 (49%) and females was 153 (51%) in the study population. The prevalence of DM-related distress and depression in Saudi patients with T2DM in Jazan was 22.3% and 20%, respectively, and about 7.7% had both. Of DM-related distress, 12.3% had interpersonal-related DM distress, 11.7% had physician-related DM distress, 10.7% had emotional-related DM distress, and 7% had regimen-related DM distress. After adjusting for covariates, being female, patients aged <45, physical inactivity, DM duration <5 years, and smoking were significantly associated with DM-related distress and depression. There was also a significant association between DM-related distress and depression, OR = 3 [95% CI: 1.8, 6.4]. Furthermore, we found that glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels were significantly higher in those with DM-related distress (small effect size, eta squared = 0.04) and depression (moderate effect size, eta squared = 0.06) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: DM-related distress and depression are prevalent in patients with T2DM in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Both these conditions need to be screened for and addressed in clinical settings. Establishing the causality of DM-related distress and depression in T2DM is an important aim for any future studies.

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“…This case–control study was conducted on Saudi patients with COVID-19 in Jazan Region, located in southwestern Saudi Arabia and characterized by a relatively homogenous population with similar ethnic and socioeconomic characteristics [ [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%