&lt;strong&gt;Changes in Diurnal Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in North Central Region of Nigeria&lt;/strong&gt;

Benson, Nsikak U.; Nwokike, Chisom; Williams, Akan B.; Adedapo, Adebusayo E.; Fred-Ahmadu, Omowunmi H.

doi:10.3390/ecas2017-04148

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Particularly the SHS has a much lower annual rain fall and humidity as compared to DRS and HRF. Temperatures can reach as high as 40 °C 22,98 . Such conditions may not favor the proliferation of mycotoxigenic fungi species.…”

Section: Methods Validation and Comparative Evaluation Of Phwe And Solmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel validation of a green-solvent extraction method and quantitative estimation of multi-mycotoxins in staple cereals using LC-MS/MS

Gbashi

Njobeh

Madala

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this study, 15 different mycotoxins were estimated in three staple cereals from selected agroecological regions in nigeria using a 'novel' green extraction method, pressurized hot water extraction (pHWe) in comparison to a conventional solvent extraction method. Discrimination of the results of pHWe and solvent extraction using principal component analysis (pcA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) did not yield any differential clustering patterns. All maize samples (n = 16), 32% (n = 38) of sorghum and 35% (n = 37) of millet samples were positive for at least one of the 15 tested mycotoxins. Contamination levels for the cereals were higher in the warm humid rain forest region and gradually decreased towards the hot and arid region in the north of the country. the results demonstrate the applicability of pHWe as a possible alternative extraction method to conventional methods of extraction, which are solvent based. Mycotoxins are well-known food and feed contaminants that are produced by ubiquitous toxigenic fungal species belonging mainly to the Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Claviceps and Alternaria genera 1-3. It has been estimated that approximately 4.5 billion people in the world, of which a majority from sub-Saharan Africa are chronically exposed to uncontrolled amounts of these toxins via exposure to contaminated foods 4. Although about 300 to 400 different mycotoxins have been clearly identified in nature, only a few have received significant research attention due to their economic and health significance 5 , some of which include fumonisins (FBs), aflatoxins (AFs), zearalenone (ZEN) and its analogues, ochratoxins (OTs), T-2 toxin (T-2), and some emerging ones such as alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and sterigmatocystin (STEG). Relative to their incessant prevalence in the sub-Saharan African food supply chain, mycotoxins have been implicated in a number of adverse socioeconomic effects, ranging from human and animal health, impact on food security, impact on livelihood, damage to the African agricultural export market brand, and impact on Africa's self-sustainability and increased dependence on foreign aid 5-7. In the global food market, annual losses associated with mycotoxins have been estimated at approximately one billion metric tons of agricultural produce and food commodities 8,9. Nigeria, a sub-Saharan African nation, and the most populous country on the continent, is one of the countries that have been severely plagued by the mycotoxin menace in Africa 3,10,11. Amidst several factors, favorable environmental conditions for colonization of crops by toxigenic fungal species, coupled with susceptibility of endemic staple crops such as maize, sorghum and millet to mycotoxin proliferation have been identified as a critical precursor to the pervasive impact of the toxins in Nigeria 12-15. A majority of the Nigerian populace (78 to >85%) rely on these cereal grains for dietary supply of energy, household incomes, as well as food and feed ingredients...

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Section: Methods Validation and Comparative Evaluation Of Phwe And Solmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel validation of a green-solvent extraction method and quantitative estimation of multi-mycotoxins in staple cereals using LC-MS/MS

Gbashi

Njobeh

Madala

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…flooding, drought) in contrast to the assumption by the general populace as normal recurrent events. According to (Iqbal et al, 2019;Benson et al, 2017), global warming-induced climate change altered rainfall patterns. The changes in precipitation and its extremes observed in this study may have severe implications on water resources and agriculture, among others.…”

Section: Temporal Trend Of Precipitation and Its Extremementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be due to the fact that some developing countries that have climate-sensitive economic activities are more susceptible to extreme weather events. Also, those developing countries that lack the necessary physical and financial resources along with appropriate institutions to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change are at greater risk (Benson et al, 2017;Nashwan & Shahid, 2019). Consequently, the increase in magnitude and frequency of extreme events with damaging consequences has attracted the attention of researchers, world leaders, policymakers and others with a vested interest in managing climatic risks and hazards (Gbode et al, 2019, Linden et al, 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Precipitation and Its Extremes over Nigeria

Audu¹,

Ejembi²,

Igbawua³

2021

AJCC

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This study analyzed the spatial distribution and temporal trends of precipitation and its extremes over Nigeria from 1979-2013 using climate indices, in order to assess climatic extremes in the country. Daily precipitation data used in this study were obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Lagos. The study used climate indices developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection (ETCCDI) for assessing extreme precipitation. Sen's slope estimator and Mann-Kendall trend test were employed in data analysis. Results revealed that precipitation and its extremes varied spatially across Nigeria. Significant negative trends were observed in most of the precipitation indices for the period under study. Furthermore, significant downward trends were observed in the CWD (Consecutive Wet Day) while the CDD (Consecutive Dry Day) showed significant upward trends in all the regions. These spatial and temporal changes indicate that Nigeria's climate is trending towards a warmer and drier condition, which could be attributed to global warming-induced climate change; which altered historical rainfall patterns thereby leading to extreme events. The findings of this study have provided useful information in understanding the extreme events that are assumed by the general populace to be normal recurrent events in Nigeria. The results of the analysis of yearly and decadal changes in precipitation totals and extreme values for the last 35 years suggest the likelihood of severe impacts on water resources, agriculture, and water-sensitive economic activities.

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<strong>Changes in Diurnal Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in North Central Region of Nigeria</strong>

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Parallel validation of a green-solvent extraction method and quantitative estimation of multi-mycotoxins in staple cereals using LC-MS/MS

Parallel validation of a green-solvent extraction method and quantitative estimation of multi-mycotoxins in staple cereals using LC-MS/MS

Assessment of Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Precipitation and Its Extremes over Nigeria

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