&lt;title&gt;Closed-loop guidance of imaging infrared missile seekers&lt;/title&gt;

DiMarco, John S.; Kemper, Paul; Pringle, Lon N.

doi:10.1117/12.352978

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Image computations are performed at frame rate . The vision algorithm operates on the full image resolution to provide the angular coordinates and rates of the centroid location-, , , -required for visual feedback in (15). Early simulation results showed that the seeker-which is controlled in yaw and pitch-often lost the target due to significant roll rates induced by high-maneuvers.…”

Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ideally, the discrete-time control law proposed in (15) should both decouple gimbal motion from that of the missile and keep the camera boresight locked onto the target. However, seeker performance in a realistic environment strongly depends on various issues.…”

Section: Seeker Linearizing Control For Inertial Stabilization Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One frequent alternative approach is based on passive sensing which employs nonimaging target detection and tracking. It is often accomplished by modulating the target radiation received by a single detector so that the resulting waveform out of the detector circuit encodes the target position within the detector field-of-view (FOV) [15]. Nonimaging systems are simple and relatively cheap because the required temporal processing can be easily achieved-even with radio-like analog circuitry.…”

Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recalling (27), (29), (31), and (32), visual feedback is investigated here for missile guidance and attitude control and neither missile lateral acceleration nor angular rate are used for stability augmentation. Canard angular displacement magnitude is limited to rad (15 ). Seeker angular displacement and rate magnitudes are limited to (50 and 50 s) and current input to the torquers to 3 A, respectively.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Simulation Of Seeker Integration With a Ppn-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimated optical flow of the target centroid at the th image becomes (26) The desired angular coordinates and rates of the target centroid for use as visual feedback in (15) are then given by (27) Moreover, because missile angular rate and linear velocity cause a sort of fingerprint-the motion pattern of the target in the image plane, no autopilot in the classical sense of an inner loop for stability augmentation has been used. Thus, the desired missile acceleration computed from the guidance law-which requires the LOS rate estimates-has been fed forward directly to the canard actuators.…”

Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Line-of-sight rate estimation and linearizing control of an imaging seeker in a tactical missile guided by proportional navigation

Waldmann

2002

IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol.

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Acceleration commands in missiles guided by proportional navigation require the measurement of line-of-sight (LOS) rate. It is often obtained by filtering the output of a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) rate gyro mounted on the inner gimbal of the seeker. This paper describes the modeling of an imaging seeker and the formulation of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) for the estimation of LOS rate from measurements of relative angular displacement between seeker gimbals and a low-cost strapdown inertial unit. The approach aims at circumventing the need for the rate gyro on the seeker. A linearizing feedback control law for decoupling missile motion from that of the seeker is proposed based on the filter model and its estimates. Additionally, the control law uses visual information from the image sequence for target tracking. Seeker dynamics and control are then integrated into a dynamic model of a cruciform missile equipped with canards and rollerons and guided by proportional navigation in three-dimensional (3-D) interception tasks. MonteCarlo simulation is employed to evaluate the overall system accuracy subject to different initial conditions-lateral and head-on engagements-and the impact of rolling motion during highmaneuvers on miss distance. The validation model includes noise in the various sensors, coupled inertia of the seeker gimbals, signal saturation at various subsystems, optical geometric distortion, and target segmentation errors in the image plane. Initial engagement geometry and roll-rate damping at high incidence angles have been observed to have a significant impact on miss distance.

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Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Seeker Linearizing Control For Inertial Stabilization Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monte Carlo Simulation Of Seeker Integration With a Ppn-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Formation and Optical Flow Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Line-of-sight rate estimation and linearizing control of an imaging seeker in a tactical missile guided by proportional navigation

Waldmann

2002

IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol.

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Investigations on Mathematical Modeling of Imaging Infrared (IIR) Missile

Kakkar

Singh

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Finite element analysis and neural network model for electronic hidden solder joint geometry prediction

Palomares

Hsieh

2010

SPIE Proceedings

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This paper investigates an active thermography approach to probing hidden solder joint geometry. Ten boards were fabricated with the same number of solder joints and amount of solder paste (0.061 g), but using three solder joint geometries (60°, 90°, and 120°). The 90° angle solder pin represented a normal joint, and the 60° and 120° angle pins represented abnormal solder joints. Each board was covered with another board that had three openings just big enough to allow the pin terminals to protrude. A semi-automated system was built to heat and then transfer each board set to a chamber where an infrared camera was used to scan the board as it was cooling down. Each board set underwent the heating, cooling, and scanning process for five trials. Two-thirds of the data set was used for model development and one-third for model evaluation. An artificial neural network (ANN) was constructed to predict abnormal joints given thermal data. Results suggest that solder joints with more surface area cool much faster than those with less surface area. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the heating up and cooling down process consistently predicted solder geometry using the ANN with 86% accuracy. This approach can be used not only to inspect bad solder joints (i.e., low reliability) but also to mass screen for cold solder joints during BGA assembly, since the air gaps in cold solder joints may cause them to cool more slowly than normal joints.

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<title>Closed-loop guidance of imaging infrared missile seekers</title>

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Line-of-sight rate estimation and linearizing control of an imaging seeker in a tactical missile guided by proportional navigation

Line-of-sight rate estimation and linearizing control of an imaging seeker in a tactical missile guided by proportional navigation

Investigations on Mathematical Modeling of Imaging Infrared (IIR) Missile

Finite element analysis and neural network model for electronic hidden solder joint geometry prediction

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