<title>Display for advanced research and training: an inexpensive answer to tactical simulation</title>

Abstract

About three years ago, we realized that the cost per channel of computerized scene generation would likely drop rapidly in the future. We also realized that the cost of visual projectors was similarly decreasing. From this, we concluded that a full field-of-view display, consisting of many scene generation channels and projectors, could become economically feasible. Phase I of this project was tested by installing eight rear screen projectors on eight facets of a dodecahedron, and driving it with six channels of an existing scene generator. The result was a very bright, highcontrast display that has been most pleasing to all who have seen it.Phase II development attempts to increase resolution. While the resolution obtained in Phase I is sufficient for many tasks, it is inadequate for some air-to-ground weapon delivery tasks and longer range interaction with aircraft in air-to-air engagements. Phase II adds a two level of resolution, low cost, light weight, high resolution helmet mounted display. The result will be an affordable high performance display system. SUMMARYThe Display for Advanced Research and Training (DART) is a low-cost display system, producing out-the-window visual imagery for use in a flight simulator. The DART display system, when combined with high performance, low cost image generator (IG) processors, shows promise as an economical and useful training tool for many aircraft such as the F-16. Currently DART consists of pentagonal projection screens arranged as a dodecahedron. Imagery for each display facet is projected on the outside or rear surface of each screen and is viewed by the pilot from the center of the dodecahedron. The screen edges adjoin with a one centimeter gap. O-8194-0555-8/91/$4.OO SPIE Vol. 1456 Large-Screen-Projection, Avionic, and Helmet-Mounted Displays (1991) / 65 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/24/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

Conjugate‐optical retroreflector display system: Optical principles and perceptual issues

“…The visual display systems employed in high-fidelity full field-of-view flight simulators are often optically complex, large, and expensive. 1,2 However, a display system has recently been described, 3 t h a t c o u l d pro vide h ighl y detailed, wide-field imagery using relatively simple, lightweight, and inexpensive optical components. The system employs a head-mounted miniature display and projection optics to place an image at the plane of a retroreflecting screen located about 1-6 m from the user.…”

Image quality and the display modulation transfer function: Experimental findings.

“…In Figure 2, the Michelson Contrast or modulation depth (introduced in the subsection "Luminance Modulation: Contrast Measures") has been measured for two display devices, the Display for Advanced Research Training (DART) (Thomas, Reining, & Kelly, 1990) and a limited field-of-view (LFOV) dome display in use at the Armstrong Laboratory, Williams AFB, AZ. If either display had better modulation at all spatial frequencies, that display device would be assumed to provide better image quality given all other parameters were equal (e.g., luminance, color, temporal properties).…”

Color control in a Multichannel Simulator Display: The Display for Advanced Research and Training

“…Thomas and Reining (1990) have described its design and construction. Geometrically, the DART is a geodesic dome made up of flat, five-sided, rear-projection screens.…”