<title>Electromagnetic scattering and detection of mines near a rough air-ground interface</title>

Area-based results for mine detection

“…17-20, where, rather than tracing ROC curves for each different value of , we have plotted the relative quality of the technique with respect to the energy detector. The measure we use in these plots is the " improvement ratio" (11) Here, and are the ratios of detection to the false-alarm probability, with declaration as a function of the energy threshold , with and without the -technique, respectively (12) (13) In order to illustrate the kind of improvement to be expected, on Fig. 15 we plot the ratios and for the FP 20 1-m Z-coil data without declaration, as a function of the energy detector's threshold.…”

“…A number of novel technical approaches to this major problem have emerged based on a variety of sensor technologies [9], [11]- [15], and the field is now on the verge of significant scientific and technical development. All approaches are based on the on-line or off-line algorithmic processing of data from single or multiple sensors and on data-fusion techniques that can take advantage of the complementary characteristics of different sensors.…”

Electromagnetic Wave Interaction of Conducting Object with Rough Surface by Hybrid SPM/MOM Technique

“…The surface fieldā ⊥ of lower order can be obtained from the lower order scattered field due to object and equivalent source. For example, the first order surface variableā (1) ⊥ can be calculated by using the solution of the zeroth order induced current J (0) 1 and the incident and reflected magnetic fields in absence of the object,…”

“…(38) excited by the "incoherent" field E c (r) . Since the layered Green's function is used to calculate the induced current J (1) …”

“…Recently, there has been a great interest in studying the electromagnetic wave scattering from an object situated above a rough surface [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Simulation techniques for electromagnetic wave scattering by arbitrarily shaped objects in free space are well developed using wire [8][9][10] and surface-patch models [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”