535: 530.182 + 519.713 The phenomenon of spatial deterministic chaos is described. A transition from an ordinary differential equation to a discrete map is justified for modeling of the chaos. Methods of studying the chaos dynamics in this model are suggested. It is established how the physical properties of a nonlinear ring interferometer influence the structure of charts of the Lyapunov exponents. The approaches developed in the present study allow an optical cryptosystem to be optimized. It is well known that self-oscillations, static and moving structures, chaos, etc. can be generated in the laser beam cross section of a nonlinear ring interferometer [1]. Therefore, modeling of processes in the nonlinear ring interferometer ( Fig. 1a) allows one to investigate complex nonlinear optics phenomena. More generally, modeling is of interest from the viewpoint of studying temporal processes including dynamic chaos [1-5], spatiotemporal processes [1, 6, 7], and especially spatial (that is, static) distributions of the dynamic variables in the system [7] including the spatial chaos.The phenomenon of spatial chaos is typical of optical and radio physical (and probably geophysical) systems. Exactly in these systems the cross sectional dimensions of the nonlinear medium are greater than or comparable with the radiation wavelength. Then analogs of temporal processes of all kinds in oscillating systems (for example, in radiofrequency systems) are spatial distributions of the basic parameters, for example, of the refractive index of the medium and wave amplitude and phase. The analogy becomes more obvious if we introduce an observer who registers values of these parameters at points of space chosen by a certain algorithm. Systems in which spatial deterministic chaos occurs have not yet been adequately studied. Spatial deterministic chaos is promising for information security in nonlinear-dynamic systems of data transfer (in the static mode) and storage [7]. Notably, the static mode is preferred when the limiting factor is the communication channel capacity or encoded information is stored [7].Judging by the literature published in the 2000s, the phenomenon of spatial deterministic chaos in radio physics and optics was not studied. The most promising mathematical apparatus for theoretical analysis of spatial deterministic chaos is discrete maps [8]. However, the equivalence of descriptions on the discrete map language and by ordinary differential equations remains obscure. In addition, to develop the cryptography principles in the optical wavelength range, values of the parameters at which spatial deterministic chaos occurs must be known. Therefore, the present study is aimed at 1) investigating the influence of physical factors on the stability of modes in models of processes for a two-frequency optical field entering a nonlinear ring interferometer in the approximation of large radiative losses and 2) comparing the characteristics of modes for two models.
TRANSITION FROM ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS TO DISCRETE MAPS...