This paper presents a novel concept of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) for 3D medical imaging. Such 3D imaging can be obtained from X-ray Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Ultrasonography (USG), functional MRI, and others. In the case of CT, such 3D imaging can be derived from 3D-mapping of X-ray linear attenuation coefficients, related to 3D Fourier transform of Radon transform, starting from frame segmentation (or contour definition) into an object and background. Then, 3D template matching is provided, based on inertial tensor invariants, adopted from rigid body mechanics, by comparing the mammographic data base with a real object of interest, such as a malignant breast tumor. The method is more general than CAD breast mammography.