&lt;title&gt;State and perspectives of capillary Roentgen optics&lt;/title&gt;

Kumakhov, M. A.

doi:10.1117/12.167231

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It is therefore entirely appropriate to speak of microchannel plate "X-ray lenses". Microchannel plate optics are, furthermore, truly image forming, unlike capillary bundles [4], where the multiple-reflection ray paths are wholly determined by the capillary curvature. * Now with Nova Scientific Inc., Sturbridge Ma.…”

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<title>Development of microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray optics</title>

et al. 1994

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The keys to the realisation of efficient microchannel plate (MCP) optics for X-ray astronomy are (a) the production of MCPs with channels of square cross-section and (b) the development of a technology for "slumping" channel plates to a spherical format. We have recently described substantial progress in both these areas (Fraser et al., Nucl.Instr.Meth. A 324 (1993) 404 and Nucl.Instr.Meth. A, in press (1993)). In the present paper, we describe further X-ray images obtained using planar, square pore MCPs in "point-to-point" focusing mode. Angular resolution of 5 arcminutes fwhm has now been measured for full-field illumination of a hydrogen-reduced Galileo MCP (29 mm active diameter ; 44,000 active channels). Secondly, we report some preliminary metrology of square-pore microchannel plates using atomic force, scanning electron and optical microscopies. Finally, we extend our study of spherically-slumped, round-pore Philips MCPs operated as X-ray "beam expanders" . Output images have now been obtained with pointlike sources of 0.28 -17.5 keY X-rays at the foci of MCP "X-ray lenses" of both 1 mm and 4 mm thickness . The measured X-ray intensity distributions are in good agreement with the predictions of a Monte Carlo ray trace model. k INTRODUCTIONThe X-ray focusing action of lead oxide glass microchannel plates is based on equiangular reflection from the interior channel walls [1]. Channels of square cross-section are to be greatly preferred over conventional round pores for reasons of focusing efficiency [2] . Any planar channel plate will form an image of a point X-ray source at a distance from the MCP equal to the source-MCP separation. If the MCP surface can be "slumped" to follow a sphere of radius R, the resulting optical element is capable of focusing a parallel beam to a point or, conversely, of expanding a l)Oiflt source into a quasi-parallel output beam. For arbitrary curvature R and source distance I (see fig. 1), the focusing action of the microchannel structure is governed by the equationwhere i is the focal distance and R is taken to be positive when the plate is concave as viewed from the source [3]. It is therefore entirely appropriate to speak of microchannel plate "X-ray lenses". Microchannel plate optics are, furthermore, truly image forming, unlike capillary bundles [4], where the multiple-reflection ray paths are wholly determined by the capillary curvature. * Now with Nova Scientific Inc., Sturbridge Ma. 0-8194-1260-0/94/$6.00 SPIE Vol. 2011 / 215 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 07/03/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

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<title>Development of microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray optics</title>

et al. 1994

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Capillary optics and their use in x-ray analysis

Kumakhov¹

2000

X-Ray Spectrom.

106

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The use of polycapillary lenses in x‐ray microanalysis and x‐ray diffractometry is considered. Lenses with focal spot diameters from 0.5–1 mm down to 5–10 µm ensure an increased flux on the sample under investigation by 2–3 orders of magnitude. The combination of a standard microfocus x‐ray tube of 50–100 W power with such a lens permits fluxes to be obtained comparable to those at workstations for microanalysis attached to a synchrotron. The use of polycapillary lenses requires specialized x‐ray tubes. A new type of tube for obtaining a high photon flux with low divergence has been developed. The possibility of realizing new high‐efficiency portable x‐ray spectrometers and diffractometers based on polycapillary optics is considered. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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X-ray fluorescence analysis on the base of polycapillary Kumakhov optics

Nikitina¹,

Shcherbakov²,

Ibraimov³

1999

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Status of investigations on use of Kumakhov optics in x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA) is reported. At present the achieved level of Kumakhov lenses manufacturing technology makes it possible to increase the concentration of x-ray radiation on a sample under investigation by two orders of magnitude or more. Several schemes of the lens used in XRFA are considered. Results of experiments in scheme “x-ray tube–lens–sample detector” are represented. Minimal detection limit in this scheme by using a small 2 W source was on the order of 0.1 pg. Parameters of the lenses with focal spots of micron size (from several tens to several hundreds of microns) used in the experiments are also considered. A brief description of the portable x-ray spectrometer based on Kumakhov optics is given. The next perspectives of use of Kumakhov optics in XRFA are considered.

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<title>State and perspectives of capillary Roentgen optics</title>

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

<title>Development of microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray optics</title>

<title>Development of microchannel plate (MCP) x-ray optics</title>

Capillary optics and their use in x-ray analysis

X-ray fluorescence analysis on the base of polycapillary Kumakhov optics

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