&lt;title&gt;Underwater propagation of high-data-rate laser communications pulses&lt;/title&gt;

Snow, Judith B.; Flatley, James P.; Freeman, Dennis E.; Landry, Mark A.; Lindstrom, Carl E.; Longacre, Jacob R.; Schwartz, Joshua A.

doi:10.1117/12.140670

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Snow et al [4] and Longacre et al [5] reported on some of the first experimental measurements on the temporal dispersion of forward-scattered light underwater in the early 0364-9059 © 2013 IEEE 1990s. Their work showed that tens of megabits per second were possible, even in turbid waters in line-of-sight (LoS) configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temporal Response of the Underwater Optical Channel for High-Bandwidth Wireless Laser Communications

Cochenour

Mullen

Muth

2013

IEEE J. Oceanic Eng.

102

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This paper describes a high-sensitivity, high-dynamic range experimental method for measuring the frequency response of the underwater optical channel in the forward direction for the purpose of wireless optical communications. Historically, there have been few experimental measurements of the frequency response of the underwater channel, particularly with regard to wireless communication systems. In this work, the frequency response is measured out to 1 GHz over a wide range of water clarities (approximately 1-20 attenuation lengths). Both spatial and temporal dispersions are measured as a function of pointing angle between the transmitter and the receiver. We also investigate the impact of scattering function and receiver field of view. The impact of these results to the link designer is also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temporal Response of the Underwater Optical Channel for High-Bandwidth Wireless Laser Communications

Cochenour

Mullen

Muth

2013

IEEE J. Oceanic Eng.

102

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“…For comparison purposes, the same set up was also considered for a wide-beam transmitter which achieves only 3.5 kbps. Underwater demonstrations in [20], [31], [161], [162] were compared with the considered potential narrow-beam system in Fig. 7 where the authors have assumed sensitive receivers, FEC, PAT, and photon-efficient modulation techniques.…”

Section: A Narrow Beam Vs Wide Beam Light Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

et al. 2019

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Underwater wireless communications can be carried out through acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and optical waves. Compared to its bandwidth limited acoustic and RF counterparts, underwater optical wireless communications (UOWCs) can support higher data rates at low latency levels. However, severe aquatic channel conditions (e.g., absorption, scattering, turbulence, etc.) pose great challenges for UOWCs and significantly reduce the attainable communication ranges, which necessitates efficient networking and localization solutions. Therefore, we provide a comprehensive survey on the challenges, advances, and prospects of underwater optical wireless networks (UOWNs) from a layer by layer perspective which includes: 1) Potential network architectures; 2) Physical layer issues including propagation characteristics, channel modeling, and modulation techniques 3) Data link layer problems covering link configurations, link budgets, performance metrics, and multiple access schemes; 4) Network layer topics containing relaying techniques and potential routing algorithms; 5) Transport layer subjects such as connectivity, reliability, flow and congestion control; 6) Application layer goals and state-of-the-art UOWN applications, and 7) Localization and its impacts on UOWN layers. Finally, we outline the open research challenges and point out the future directions for underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization research.

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“…However, scattering may have a similar adverse effect on optical signals that multipath reflections have on acoustic signals. Several studies have investigated the spreading effects of water clarity on baseband optical pulses [13]. In the case of a modulated carrier, such as the BPSK link examined here, we wish to examine how water clarity, particularly the off-axis scattering of photons, affects the transmitted modulated RF subcarrier.…”

Section: Implications Of Establishing Optical Links In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Multiple Scattering on the Implementation of an Underwater Wireless Optical Communications Link

et al. 2006

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Abstract-Recent interest in ocean exploration has brought about a desire for developing wireless communication techniques in this challenging environment. Due to its high attenuation in water, a radio frequency (RF) carrier is not the optimum choice. Acoustic techniques have made tremendous progress in establishing wireless underwater links, but they are ultimately limited in bandwidth. A third option is optical radiation, which is discussed in this paper. One drawback of underwater wireless optical communications is that the transmission of the optical carrier is highly dependent on water type. This study examines some of the challenges in implementing an optical link in turbid water environments and attempts to answer how water clarity affects the overall link.

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<title>Underwater propagation of high-data-rate laser communications pulses</title>

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal Response of the Underwater Optical Channel for High-Bandwidth Wireless Laser Communications

Temporal Response of the Underwater Optical Channel for High-Bandwidth Wireless Laser Communications

Underwater optical wireless communications, networking, and localization: A survey

Effects of Multiple Scattering on the Implementation of an Underwater Wireless Optical Communications Link

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