Lubricity of Jet Fuels

Appeldoorn, J. K.; Dukek, W. G.

doi:10.4271/660712

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…einfach das Verschleißverhalten eines Kraftstoffes ohne weitere Berücksichtigung des tribologischen Systems. Abgeleitet aus einer Definition für Flugturbinenkraftstoffe [21], kann sie wie folgt beschrieben werden [22]:…”

Section: Schmierfä Higkeit Von Kraftstoffenunclassified

Hohe Lebensdauer, niedriger Verschleiß

Dobler

Schöfer

Meyer

et al. 2003

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Because of growing demands regarding quality and life-time of state-of-the-art engineering systems, tribological research is an essential part of the industrial development process. Besides failure analysis the increase of product oriented knowledge becomes increasingly important. Therefore, the Robert Bosch GmbH has been applying modern analysis tools like the focused ion beam system for several years. This tool permits the detection of smallest variations in microstructure and the documentation of the development of wear processes. In the field of fuel injection new stringent emission legislation requires direct injection systems capable of producing ever increasing high injection pressures. Since a vast majority of these systems relies on fuel lubricity, the ability to meet the demands for life-time and performance depends on sufficient lubricating properties of diesel and gasoline fuel. To ensure these properties a permanent extension of know-how and testing methods is inevitable. For products without presence of lubricating media due to functional requirements, an additional incorporation of liquid or consistent lubricants is often inevitable. Therefore the Robert Bosch GmbH intensively supports the development of special high-performance lubricants.

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Section: Schmierfä Higkeit Von Kraftstoffenunclassified

Hohe Lebensdauer, niedriger Verschleiß

Dobler

Schöfer

Meyer

et al. 2003

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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“…This unexpected effect of sulfur-removal was manifested earlier in the 1960s in aviation turbines. 6 Hydrotreating, the chemical process used in refineries for this task, also eliminates much of the naturally contained high-lubricant hydrocarbons present in crude oil diesel cuts, such as nitrogen and oxygen polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The lubricity loss must be compensated by the addition of lubricating additives but ensuring the proper lubricant properties is increasingly complex due to the number of fuels in the market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricity of paraffinic fuels additivated with conventional and non-conventional methyl esters

Rodríguez–Fernández

Ramos

Sánchez-Valdepeñas

et al. 2019

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Fuel lubricity prevents wear between metallic parts in relative motion inside the injection system of combustion engines. Among diesel fuels, paraffinic (gas-to-liquid or hydrotreated oils) and biodiesel (methyl esters) fuels are emerging since some of them are renewable and, in the case of paraffinic fuels, present excellent properties that can be exploited in compression ignition engines. However, the lubricant properties of raw paraffinic fuels are poor. This work explores the potential of individual methyl esters, found in different biodiesel fuels derived from a wide variety of sources, as lubricity additives for paraffinic fuels. Blends at 1% and 2% ester content in a surrogate of paraffinic fuel were tested under the standardized high-frequency reciprocating rig test for lubricity determination. Results confirm the extremely poor lubricity of the surrogate and that the wear scar diameter measured (the higher this, the lower the fuel lubricity) can be significantly reduced with any of the tested esters just at 1% concentration. Higher ester concentration (2%) does not always improve the lubricity further. The number of double bonds in the ester was revealed very significant, but to boost the lubricity of the blend and fulfill the limits set in fuel quality standards, two or more polyunsaturated esters are necessary.

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“…in our case, one has to deal with poorly quantifiable terms like ‘lubricity’ or ‘scuffing’, which rather belong to ‘industrial tribology’ than to the science of friction and wear. For instance, Appledorn gives the following definition of lubricity in the context of fuels: ‘if two liquids have the same viscosity, and one gives less friction, wear or scuffing, it is said to have better lubricity’. This broad definition does not distinguish between friction‐modifying, wear‐resistance and anti‐scuff ability of a fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A COSMO‐RS based QSPR model for the lubricity of biodiesel and petrodiesel components

Masuch

Fatemi

Murrenhoff

et al. 2011

Lubrication Science

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The development of a new, optimised fuel is a process in which various necessary fuel properties have to be taken into account. For an inclusion of candidates not synthesised yet into the design process, a fully predictive model relying on nothing but the molecular structure is mandatory for each relevant property. One of the most important aspects for the design of a fuel is its lubricity. In this study, the predictive method conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation (COSMO-RS) for the calculation of thermodynamic mixture properties is adopted for deriving a quantitative structure-property relationship for the lubricity of fuel components. COSMO-RS calculates molecular descriptors (sigma moments) based on quantum chemical calculations. These descriptors are adapted to describe the underlying phenomena causing the film formation ability and lubricity of the fuel. The lubricity is assessed via high-frequency reciprocating rig measurements taken from literature. The molecular descriptors and experimental data are evaluated via statistical methods in order to find the most influential molecular descriptors. ABBREVIATIONS BP-RI-DFT Becke-Perdew resolution of identity density functional theory COSMO conductor-like screening model COSMO-RS conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation HFRR high-frequency reciprocating rig HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital RMSECV root-mean-square error of leave-one-out cross validation SSCD surface screening charge distribution

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Lubricity of Jet Fuels

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Hohe Lebensdauer, niedriger Verschleiß

Hohe Lebensdauer, niedriger Verschleiß

Lubricity of paraffinic fuels additivated with conventional and non-conventional methyl esters

A COSMO‐RS based QSPR model for the lubricity of biodiesel and petrodiesel components

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