Luckeé renal adenocarcinoma, an anuran neoplasm: Studies at the interface of pathology, virology, and differentiation competence

McKinnell, Robert G.; Carlson, Debra L.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4652(199711)173:2<115::aid-jcp4>3.3.co;2-9

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…More convincingly, injection of the nuclei isolated from the Lucké renal cancer cells of the frog origin into enucleated frog eggs allows the eggs to hatch out tadpoles that are normal without any trace of cancer (Fig. 4) [285,[662][663][664][665][666][667][668]. Similar conversion back to a normal state by an embryonic microenvironment has also been shown for a few other cancer cell types [448, 669-673, 673, 674].…”

Section: Actually Whether Mutation Is Needed or Not For Tumor Formatmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evidence for immortality and autonomy in animal cancer models is often not provided, which causes confusion on key issues of cancer biology

Dou¹,

Tong²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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Modern research into carcinogenesis has undergone three phases. Surgeons and pathologists started the first phase roughly 250 years ago, establishing morphological traits of tumors for pathologic diagnosis, and setting immortality and autonomy as indispensable criteria for neoplasms. A century ago, medical doctors, biologists and chemists started to enhance "experimental cancer research" by establishing many animal models of chemical-induced carcinogenesis for studies of cellular mechanisms. In this second phase, the two-hit theory and stepwise carcinogenesis of "initiation-promotion" or "initiation-promotion-progression" were established, with an illustrious finding that outgrowths induced in animals depend on the inducers, and thus are not authentically neoplastic, until late stages. The last 40 years are the third incarnation, molecular biologists have gradually dominated the carcinogenesis research fraternity and have established numerous genetically-modified animal models of carcinogenesis. However, evidence has not been provided for immortality and autonomy of the lesions from most of these models. Probably, many lesions had already been collected from animals for analyses of molecular mechanisms of "cancer" before the lesions became autonomous. We herein review the monumental work of many predecessors to reinforce that evidence for immortality and autonomy is essential for confirming a neoplastic nature. We extrapolate that immortality and autonomy are established early during sporadic human carcinogenesis, unlike the late establishment in most animal models. It is imperative to resume many forerunners' work by determining the genetic bases for initiation, promotion and progression, the genetic bases for immortality and autonomy, and which animal models are, in fact, good for identifying such genetic bases.

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Section: Actually Whether Mutation Is Needed or Not For Tumor Formatmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evidence for immortality and autonomy in animal cancer models is often not provided, which causes confusion on key issues of cancer biology

Dou¹,

Tong²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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“…Biologic behaviour of a given tumour type may vary among species depending on other aetiological factors. Specific aetiologies have been identified for some amphibian neoplasms such as viruses (McKinnell & Carlson, ), genetic factors (Masahito et al ., ) and environmental contaminants (Stacy & Parker, ), and temperature changes have been shown to inhibit the growth of some tumours (Marlow & Mizell, ; Asashima et al ., ; Zavanella, ). No such underlying aetiologies were detected in the cases reported in this paper, although investigations were limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four cases of neoplasia in amphibians at two zoological institutions: Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris, Red‐eyed tree frog Agalychnis callidryas, Common frog Rana temporaria and Puerto Rican crested toad Peltophryne lemur

O'Brien

Justice

Beckmann

et al. 2017

International Zoo Yearbook

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Four cases of spontaneous neoplasia in different species of Amphibia at two zoological collections in the United Kingdom (2009–2016) are described: disseminated lymphosarcoma with leukaemia in an Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris, nasal adenocarcinoma in a Red‐eyed tree frog Agalychnis callidryas, pulmonary carcinoma in a Common frog Rana temporaria and cutaneous mast‐cell tumour in a Puerto Rican crested toad Peltophryne lemur. History, and gross and histological findings are presented. In particular, mast‐cell tumours in Anura and respiratory tumours of amphibians have rarely been reported.

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“…The most well-described viral pathogen in northern leopard frogs is Lucke's tumor virus (a Herpesvirus), which causes tumors of the kidneys. The virus can also infect eggs and young embryos, which may result in tumor development during the adult stage (McKinnell and Carson 1997).…”

Section: Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Alberta northern leopard frog recovery plan 2005-2010 /

Prescott¹,

Alberta.²

2005

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Luckeé renal adenocarcinoma, an anuran neoplasm: Studies at the interface of pathology, virology, and differentiation competence

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Evidence for immortality and autonomy in animal cancer models is often not provided, which causes confusion on key issues of cancer biology

Evidence for immortality and autonomy in animal cancer models is often not provided, which causes confusion on key issues of cancer biology

Four cases of neoplasia in amphibians at two zoological institutions: Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris, Red‐eyed tree frog Agalychnis callidryas, Common frog Rana temporaria and Puerto Rican crested toad Peltophryne lemur

Alberta northern leopard frog recovery plan 2005-2010 /

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