Lumbo-sacral loads and selected muscle activity while turning patients in bed

Gagnon, Martin; Chehade, Abdallah; Kemp, Fred; Lortie, Monique

doi:10.1080/00140138708965992

Cited by 62 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(12 reference statements)

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Section: Patient Handling Equipment and Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a task performed frequently by nurses and ranked as a task placing caregivers at increased risk of injury (Gagnon, Akre, & Chehade, 1987a;Gagnon, Chehade, Kemp & Lortie, 1987b;Gagnon, Roy, Lortie & Roy, 1988). Beds now have built in features that have mechanized this task of turning a patient to one side, called lateral rotation therapy.…”

Section: Engineering Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These devices are placed around the patient's waist and some offer handles which are beneficial to caregivers, as they can perform the transfer more comfortably without suffering a hand or other injury. Moderate evidence indicates that one caregiver should not use a gait belt for vertical transfers of weight bearing patients (Gagnon et al, 1987a;1987b;.While there is agreement that patient handling devices are necessary for safety, (Daynard et al, 2001;Garg et al, 1991a;1991b;Smedley et al 1995), several barriers to use of equipment have been identified, including:• Patient aversion of the equipment (Bell, 1987;Bewick & Gardner, 2000;Daynard et al, 2001;Evanoff et al, 2003;Garg et al, 1991a;Green, 1996;Laflin & Aja, 1994;McGuire & Dewar, 1995;Meyer, 1995;Moody et al, 1996;Nelson, 2001;Nelson, 2003a;Nelson et al, 2003b;Newman & Callaghan, 1993;Owen & Garg, 1991;Retsas & Pinikahana, 2000;Switzer & Porter, 1993;Takala & Kukkonen, 1987;Yassi et al, 2001). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence-Based Practices for Safe Patient Handling and Movement

Nelson

Baptiste

2006

BMM

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Efforts to reduce injuries associated with patient handling are often based on tradition and personal experience rather than scientific evidence. The purpose of this article is to summarize current evidence for interventions designed to reduce caregiver injuries, a significant problem for decades. Despite strong evidence, published over three decades, the most commonly used strategies have strong evidence that demonstrate they are ineffective. There is a growing body of evidence to support newer interventions that are effective or show promise in reducing musculoskeletal pain and injuries in care providers. The authors have organized potential solutions into three established ergonomic solution types: engineering based, administrative, and behavioral. For each intervention, the level of evidence to support its use is provided.Key words: work-related musculoskeletal injuries, patient handling, no lift policy, ergonomics, lifting techniques, nurse safety Strategies to prevent or minimize work-related musculoskeletal injuries associated with patient handling are often based on tradition and personal experience rather than scientific evidence. The most common patient handling approaches in the United States include manual patient lifting, classes in body mechanics, training in safe lifting techniques, and back belts. Surprisingly there is strong evidence that each of these commonly used approaches is not effective in reducing caregiver injuries. A major paradigm shift is needed away from these ineffective approaches towards the following evidence-based practices: (a) patient handling equipment/devices, (b) patient care ergonomic assessment protocols, (c) no lift policies, (d) training on proper use of patient handling equipment/devices, and (e) patient lift teams. Promising new interventions, which are still being tested, include use of unit-based peer leaders and clinical tools, such as algorithms and patient assessment protocols. Given the complexity of this high-risk, high volume, highcost problem, multifaceted programs are more likely to be effective than any single intervention. This new call for action includes systematic change in health care facilities across the continuum of care as well as a new curriculum for schools of nursing. Statement of the ProblemNursing personnel are consistently listed as one of the top ten occupations for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, with incidence rates of 8.8 per 100 in hospital settings and 13.5 per 100 in nursing home settings (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2002). These are considered to be low estimates, since underreporting of injuries in nursing is common (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 1999). Aggregated data on prevalence of back injury, compiled from over 80 studies, revealed an international worldwide point prevalence of approximately 17%, an annual prevalence of 40-50% and a lifetime prevalence of 35-80% (Hignett, 1996). While there has been a steady decline in the rates of most occupational injuries starting in 1992, work-related musculos...

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Section: Patient Handling Equipment and Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Engineering Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence-Based Practices for Safe Patient Handling and Movement

Nelson

Baptiste

2006

BMM

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“…The aim of this study was to quantify the postural changes that occur with BIPP. Previous investigations have examined the effectiveness of various patient transfer training using quantitative techniques such as video analysis, ground reaction forces, LMM and EMG (Skotte and Fallentin, 2008;Garg et al, 1991;Gagnon et al, 1987), as well as qualitative techniques (Kee and Seo, 2007;Johnsson et al, 2002). In the current study, spine kinematics and muscle activity was used to quantify the postural changes that occurred as a result of being taught the transfer techniques in BIPP.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of training and experience on patient transfer biomechanics

Hodder

MacKinnon

Ralhan³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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“…Recent research on person transfer techniques using biomechanical methods has been directed toward objectively analyzing the effects of transfer maneuvers on low back load [5][6][7][8][9][10] . Previous studies have reported that the low back compression force in most patient handling tasks exceeds 3400N, the safety limit recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 11) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of General Principles of Person Transfer Techniques on Low Back Joint Extension Moment

et al. 2010

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of general principles of person transfer techniques specifically on the low back joint extension moment. These effects were examined by the following measurable quantitative parameters: 1) trunk bending angle, 2) knee flexion angle, 3) distance between the centers of gravity (COGs) of the caregiver and patient, representing the distance between the caregiver and patient, and 4) the vertical component of the ground reaction force representing the amount of the weight-bearing load on the caregiver' s low back during transfers with and without assistive devices. Twenty students each took the role of caregiver, and one healthy adult simulated a patient. The participants performed three different transfer tasks: without any assistive device, with the patient wearing a low back belt, and with the caregiver using a transfer board. We found that the distance between the COGs and the vertical component of the ground reaction force, but not the trunk bending and knee flexion angles, were the variables that affected the low back joint extension moment. Our results suggest that the general principle of decreasing the distance between COGs is most effective for decreasing the low back joint extension moment during transfers under all conditions.

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Lumbo-sacral loads and selected muscle activity while turning patients in bed

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

Evidence-Based Practices for Safe Patient Handling and Movement

Evidence-Based Practices for Safe Patient Handling and Movement

Effects of training and experience on patient transfer biomechanics

Effects of General Principles of Person Transfer Techniques on Low Back Joint Extension Moment

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