Luminescence evolution of ZnO single crystal under low-energy electron beam irradiation

Dierre, Benjamin; Yuan, Xiaoli; Sekiguchi, Takashi

doi:10.1063/1.2973190

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This result reveals more serious degradation in nanostructures, which have the higher surface/volume ratio. We have also tested CL stability in ZnO single crystals with (000-1)/O-terminated surface and (0001)/Zn-terminated surfaces [23]. Figures 12(b) and (c) show the respective CL images of the O-and Zn-faces irradiated for 3600 s. The luminescence is weaker in the irradiated than in the unirradiated area for the O-face, but it is stronger for the Zn-face.…”

Section: Variation Of the CL Intensity During The Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studied samples were rare-earth doped oxynitride phosphors (Ca and Yb codoped α-SiAlON and Eu-doped AlN) synthesized by gas-pressure sintering [9][10][11][12][13][14] [17,18], nanoparticles (vapor method) [19], nanoflowers (hydrothermal method) [20], tetrapods composed of nanorods (catalyst-free vapor-solid growth) [21], polycrystals [22] and single crystals (hydrothermal synthesis) [23].…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-energy cathodoluminescence microscopy for the characterization of nanostructures

Dierre

Yuan

Sekiguchi

2010

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Spatially and spectrally resolved low-energy cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy was applied to the characterization of nanostructures. CL has the advantage of revealing not only the presence of luminescence centers but also their spatial distribution. The use of electrons as an excitation source allows a direct comparison with other electron-beam techniques. Thus, CL is a powerful method to correlate luminescence with the sample structure and to clarify the origin of the luminescence. However, caution is needed in the quantitative analysis of CL measurements. In this review, the advantages of cathodoluminescence for qualitative analysis and disadvantages for quantitative analysis are presented on the example of nanostructures.

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Section: Variation Of the CL Intensity During The Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-energy cathodoluminescence microscopy for the characterization of nanostructures

Dierre

Yuan

Sekiguchi

2010

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…Similar polarity effects were found for hydrothermally grown ZnO single crystal samples, where the decrease in NBE intensity was attributed to metastable bulk defect reactions. 21 It is reasonable that O-face, with much more defects, shows the sharp decrease in NBE intensity. The time dependence of NBE intensity for metal diodes on two polar surfaces is more complicated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarity-related asymetry at ZnO surfaces and metal interfaces

Dong¹,

Fang²,

Doutt³

et al. 2009

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena

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Clean ZnO ͑0001͒ Zn-and ͑000 1͒ O-polar surfaces and metal interfaces have been systematically studied by depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, photoluminescence, current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements, and deep level transient spectroscopy. Zn-face shows higher near band edge emission and lower near surface defect emission. Even with remote plasma decreases of the 2.5 eV near surface defect emission, ͑0001͒-Zn face emission quality still exceeds that of ͑000 1͒-O face. The two polar surfaces and corresponding metal interfaces also present very different luminescence evolution under low-energy electron beam irradiation. Ultrahigh vacuum-deposited Au and Pd diodes on as-received and O 2 / He plasma-cleaned surfaces display not only a significant metal sensitivity but also a strong polarity dependence that correlates with defect emissions, traps, and interface chemistry. Pd diode is always more leaky than Au diode due to the diffusion of H, while Zn-face is better to form Schottky barrier for Au compared with O-face. A comprehensive model accounts for the metal-and polarity-dependent transport properties.

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“…A degradation of their performance during operation can be a great drawback, and serious degradation of different types of ZnO has been observed. [12][13][14][15] This degradation becomes more serious for nanostructures and for low electron energy ͑ϳ1.5-5 keV͒, which suggests that the surface may play a crucial role. Such degradation should be suppressed as much as possible to enhance the lifetime and efficiency of optoelectronic devices.…”

Section: Hydrogen Released From Bulk Zno Single Crystals Investigatedmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hydrogen released from bulk ZnO single crystals investigated by time-of-flight electron-stimulated desorption

Dierre

Yuan

Ueda

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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Electron beam (e-beam) irradiation effects on ZnO single crystals have been investigated by using time-of-flight electron-stimulated desorption (TOF-ESD). The samples were irradiated by using a continuous 0.5 or 1.5 keV e-beam, while the TOF-ESD spectra were taken by using a pulsed 0.5 keV e-beam. For both the O-terminated and Zn-terminated surfaces, the major desorption is H+ desorption. The main trend of H+ desorption intensity and evolution as a function of irradiation time is similar for both faces. The H+ peak is much higher after 1.5 keV irradiation than after 0.5 keV irradiation. The intensity of the H+ peak decreases exponentially as a function of irradiation time and partially recovers after the irradiation is stopped. These observations suggest that the main contribution of the H+ desorption is hydrogen released from the dissociation of H-related defects and complexes in the bulk region of the ZnO by e-beam irradiation. This finding can be used to explain the reported ultraviolet degradation of ZnO single crystals under electron irradiation observed by cathodoluminescence. The surfaces play a lesser role for the H+ desorption, as there are differences of the decreasing rate between the two faces and additionally the intensity of the H+ peak for both the unclean O-face and Zn-facesis smaller than that for clean faces. While the H+ desorption is mainly dominated by the bulk region, O+ desorption is more influenced by the surfaces. There are two kinds of O+ desorbed from ZnO having 13.0 μs TOF and 14.2 μs TOF. The O+ desorption depends on the surface polarity, the surface conditions and the energy used for irradiation.

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Luminescence evolution of ZnO single crystal under low-energy electron beam irradiation

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Low-energy cathodoluminescence microscopy for the characterization of nanostructures

Low-energy cathodoluminescence microscopy for the characterization of nanostructures

Polarity-related asymetry at ZnO surfaces and metal interfaces

Hydrogen released from bulk ZnO single crystals investigated by time-of-flight electron-stimulated desorption

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