Luminescent metal–organic frameworks for chemical sensing and explosive detection

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique class of crystalline solids comprised of metal cations (or metal clusters) and organic ligands that have shown promise for a wide variety of applications. Over the past 15 years, research and development of these materials have become one of the most intensely and extensively pursued areas. A very interesting and well-investigated topic is their optical emission properties and related applications. Several reviews have provided a comprehensive overview covering many aspects of the subject up to 2011. This review intends to provide an update of work published since then and focuses on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of MOFs and their possible utility in chemical and biological sensing and detection. The spectrum of this review includes the origin of luminescence in MOFs, the advantages of luminescent MOF (LMOF) based sensors, general strategies in designing sensory materials, and examples of various applications in sensing and detection.

Photoluminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks for Gas Sensing

“…Over the past two decades, MOFs have attracted extensive interest for their great potential in many applications such as gas separation/storage,11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 catalysis,18, 19, 20 drug delivery,21 and luminescence sensing 2, 3, 4, 22, 23. As for conventional metal complexes, photoluminescence properties of MOFs can be finely tuned by rational selection of metal ions and design of organic ligands.…”

“…In addition, luminescence can also be generated from guest chromophore or charge transfer between the host framework and guest molecules. The diversified luminescence mechanisms make MOFs a unique platform for various luminescence applications 2, 3, 4, 26, 27, 28, 29…”

“…Similar with common luminescent materials, the luminescence of MOFs can be influenced by many environmental factors,3, 4 including physical stimulus and chemical stimulus (ions,30, 31, 32, 33 solvents,34, 35, 36 vapors,37 pH,38, 39 gases,1 and so on40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45). However, unlike other luminescent materials, the intrinsic porosity, large surface area, and strong adsorption affinity of MOFs can effectively enrich guest species.…”

A Temperature‐Responsive Smart Europium Metal‐Organic Framework Switch for Reversible Capture and Release of Intrinsic Eu3+ Ions

“…The nonlinear plots versus the typical linear ones may be attributed to the presence of simultaneous static and dynamic quenching 18. The well‐documented electron transfer process from the conduction band (CB) of MOFs to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the analyte, synergize with the interactions between hydroxyl group of TNP and free Lewis‐base sites (triazine core in L ) in the fluorophore via electrostatic interactions to enhance the TNP quenching efficiency 19. Most likely, the guest TNP molecules are more orderly aligned and vibrate weakly at low temperature, which benefits the ligand and TNP interactions, improves the short‐range electron transfer, and enhances the quenching efficiency.…”

Effect of Transition Metal Cations on Assembly of Highly Ordered 2D Multiporphyrin Arrays on Liquid and Solid Substrates

“…Исследование МОК-структур подтвердило перспективы их применения в качестве основы для получения нового класса материалов, обладающих существенными преимуществами в широком ряде об-ластей: хранение, транспортировка и разделение газов, катализ, фотоника, электроника, сенсорика и многие другие. [5][6][7][8] Успешное использование МОК во многих из указанных областей требует надежного закрепления каркасов на поверхности определенной функциональ-ной платформы, коммутированной с регистрирующим устройством. Для получения иммобилизованных на поверхности металлоорганических каркасов, ПОВМОК (Surface-Anchored Metal-Organic Frameworks, SURMOFs) используют несколько методов.…”