A series of Ce 3? , Tb 3? and Ce 3? -Tb 3? -doped Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 were prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction, and X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the phase structure. The photoluminescence and energy transfer properties of Ce 3? -and Tb 3? -doped Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 host were investigated. Under the 290-nm radiation excitation, the emission spectrum of Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Ce 3? shows one broad band that peaks at 360 nm, which is attributed to the 5d-4f transition of Ce 3? . Ce 3? and Tb 3? co-doped Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 phosphors exhibit both blue emission from Ce 3? ions and intense green emission lines from Tb 3? at the excitation of Ce 3? . These results indicate that there exits valid energy transfer from Ce 3? to Tb 3? . The energy transfer from Ce 3? to Tb 3? in Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 was demonstrated to be a resonant type via electric dipole-quadrupole interaction. The critical distance of energy transfer was also calculated. Moreover, the emitting color of Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 :Ce 3? , Tb 3? can be tuned by appropriately adjusting the relative doping composition of Ce 3? /Tb 3? .