Lunch Habits of German Children and Adolescents: Composition and Dietary Quality

Alexy, Ute; Freese, J.; Kersting, Mathilde; Clausen, Kerstin

doi:10.1159/000343785

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…Various ways of defining meal types have been used in previous publications. For instance, meals have been defined based on the time of consumption ( 32 ) , the content of the meal ( 33 ) or the respondents’ own definition ( 34 ) . In the Norkost 3 study, meal types were based on the respondents’ own definition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meal types as sources for intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains among Norwegian adults

Myhre

Løken

Wandel

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To study how different meals contribute to intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains in a group of Norwegian adults and in subgroups of this population. Moreover, to investigate the consequences of skipping the meal contributing most to the intake of each food group (main contributing meal). Design: Cross-sectional dietary survey in Norwegian adults. Dietary data were collected using two non-consecutive telephone-administered 24 h recalls. The recorded meal types were breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper/evening meal and snacks. Setting: Nationwide, Norway (2010)(2011). Subjects: Adults aged 18-70 years (n 1787). Results: Dinner was the main contributing meal for fish and vegetables, while snacks were the main contributing meal for fruit intake. For whole grains, breakfast was the main contributing meal. The main contributing meal did not change for any of the food groups when studying subgroups of the participants according to intake of each food group, educational level or age. A substantially lower intake of the food groups in question was found on days when the main contributing meal was skipped. Conclusions: Intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains largely depend on one meal type. Inclusion of these foods in other meals in addition to the main contributing meal, preferably replacing energy-dense nutrient-poor foods, should be promoted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meal types as sources for intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains among Norwegian adults

Myhre

Løken

Wandel

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Lunch at school, at home or elsewhere. Where do adolescents usually get it and what do they eat? Results of the HELENA Study

Müller¹,

Libuda²,

Diethelm³

et al. 2013

Appetite

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A Review of the Effects of Lunch: On Adults’ Short-term Cognitive Functioning

Müller

Libuda

Terschlüsen

et al. 2013

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research

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Because of widespread irregular lunch consumption by both children and adults, information on the effects of lunch on short-term cognitive functioning is relevant to public health. In September 2012, a MEDLINE search was conducted for studies in which the effects of lunch on cognitive performance were examined. Eleven experimental studies published from 1981 to 1996 were found and evaluated; all involved adults. In three studies, the effects of lunch and lunch skipping were compared; the remaining studies involved a determination of the effects of lunch size and lunch composition. Results of studies in which lunch was compared with no lunch indicate that lunch leads to potential impairment of some aspects of cognitive functioning in the early afternoon. Lunch size may influence cognitive functioning, with impairment more likely to occur after a large lunch than a small lunch. Furthermore, in comparison with low-fat lunches, high-fat lunches seem to result in slower but more accurate responses to some cognitive tasks. However, these suggestions must be viewed with caution, as they are based on only a few studies and are not thoroughly supported by high-quality evidence. In addition, results obtained with adults are not applicable to children. Thus, the potential effects of lunch need further examination in children and adults.

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Lunch Habits of German Children and Adolescents: Composition and Dietary Quality

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Meal types as sources for intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains among Norwegian adults

Meal types as sources for intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains among Norwegian adults

Lunch at school, at home or elsewhere. Where do adolescents usually get it and what do they eat? Results of the HELENA Study

A Review of the Effects of Lunch: On Adults’ Short-term Cognitive Functioning

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