Lung and pleura lesions before and after implementation of a national eradication program against enzootic pneumonia and actinobacillosis and lesions of slaughter carcasses and organs of slaughter pigs in Switzerland

Sidler, Xaver; Eichhorn, Juliane; Geiser,; Bürgi, Emil; Schüpbach, Gertraud; Overesch, Gudrun; Stephan, Roger; Schmitt, S; Hässig, M.; Sydler, Titus

doi:10.17236/sat00044

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Die Schweiz ist frei vom "Porcine Reproductive and Resopiratory Syndrome Virus" (PRRSV) und seit dem Abschluss der Flächensanierung im Jahre 2004 verursachen sowohl die Enzootische Pneumonie (EP) als auch die Aktinobazillose keine grossen Probleme mehr. 32 Verglichen mit den Antibiotikaverbrauchsdaten von 25 Europäischen Staaten 12 nahm die Schweiz im Jahr 2012 mit 68.8 mg Wirkstoff/PCU (population correction unit) trotz ihres guten Gesundheitszustandes nur einen Mittelfeldplatz ein. Allerdings ist ein Vergleich innerhalb Europas schwierig, da sich bisher kein uniformes Antibiotika-Erfassungssystem durchgesetzt hat 21,23 .…”

Section: Use Of Antibiotics In Swiss Piglet Production and Fattening unclassified

“…Obwohl die Schweineherden in der Schweiz eine gute Herdengesundheit aufweisen (frei von PRRSV) und progressiver Rhinitis atrophicans (pRA) sowie Dank der Flächensanierung die Enzootische Pneumonie (EP) und Aktinobazillose eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen, 32 nimmt die Schweiz bezüglich Antibiotikaverbrauch neben den 26 EU-Mitgliedstaaten nur einen Mittelfeldplatz ein (4. EVSAC-Report 2014).…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Use of antibiotics in Swiss piglet production and fattening farms

Hartmann¹,

Riklin²,

Müntener³

et al. 2019

SAT

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 164 randomly selected Swiss piglet production farms and 101 fattening farms, the indication for antibiotic use in 2012/2013 was recorded and an animal treatment index (TBI) was calculated for each age group. Sows were treated on average 0.9 days per year mainly due to mastitis-metritis-agalactia (MMA). Suckling piglets were treated on average 0.5 days per production cycle, mainly due to diarrhea and polyarthritis. Weaned piglets were treated during 4.4 days, especially due to diarrhea, polyarthritis and wasting. In fattening pigs, treatments were mainly due to diarrhea and HPS-suspicion, and lasted on average 4.8 days. In sows, antibiotics were used prophylactically on 22.6% of the treatment days, in suckling piglets on 50.5%, in weaners on 86.1% and in fattening pigs on 79.0% of the treatment days. A prophylactic oral antibiotic group therapy did not have a significant positive effect on daily weight gain of fattening pigs, nor was it able to reduce the number of individual or group therapies. In farms with prophylactic oral group therapy, the mortality rate during the first two fattening weeks even tended to be higher (p=0.06) than in farms without oral group therapy. Highest priority critically important antibiotics were used in 22.6% of all treatment days in sows, in 37.5% in suckling piglets, in 17.2% in weaned piglets and in 27.3% in fattening pigs. In many farms, antibiotics were not prescribed and used according to the rules of "prudent use".

show abstract

Section: Use Of Antibiotics In Swiss Piglet Production and Fattening unclassified

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Use of antibiotics in Swiss piglet production and fattening farms

Hartmann¹,

Riklin²,

Müntener³

et al. 2019

SAT

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study identified significant differences in the number of defined daily doses per animal among the different age categories. Fatteners were treated less frequently, which has already been shown in a previous study (18) and could be explained by the good health status of Swiss pigs in terms of lung diseases (46) as well as a low number of oral group therapies with certain combinations of antimicrobials compared to weaners (22). As Switzerland is almost free of the lung pathogens Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and free of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus, there are some indications missing which have been linked to increased antibiomicrobial usage in growing pigs in other countries (13,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Antimicrobial Usage Among Different Age Categories and Herd Sizes in Swiss Farrow-to-Finish Farms

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the Swiss pig sector, the usage of antimicrobials has been recorded, evaluated and systematically reduced on a voluntary basis since 2015. This monitoring has been carried out using various methods thereby enabling continuous national scrutiny as well as international comparisons. To gain a better understanding of the dynamics of the antimicrobial usage on Swiss farms, consumption data of farrow-to-finish farms were analyzed for (i) the within-herd relationships among different age categories and (ii) the influence of the herd size. The data were collected on 71 farms for the year 2017, encompassing the amount of active ingredients and number of defined daily doses Switzerland (nDDDch) in total, and stratified for the different age categories of piglets, weaners, fattening pigs, and sows. The differences in nDDDch per animal among the age categories were determined by a Wilcoxon test and subsequent post-hoc analysis according to Bonferroni. The within-herd relationship among the individual age categories as well as the influence of the herd size on nDDDch per animal measured as kept sows were analyzed by simple linear regression. The evaluation of the treatment days showed that 50% of the nDDDch were used in piglets, 44% for weaners, and 3% each for fattening pigs and sows. Compared to the other age categories, the examination of the number of nDDDch per animal showed a significantly higher number for sows, whereas for fattening pigs the number was significantly lower (P < 0.01). The farm-based analysis using linear regression showed a relationship between antimicrobial usage in sows and piglets (P < 0.001; adj. R2 = 0.19). Similarly, a significant relationship between larger herd size and increased antimicrobial usage was observed (P = 0.02; adj. R2 = 0.06). The present study provides an insight into the antimicrobial treatment dynamics of farrow-to-finish farms. In particular, the age categories piglets and sows—with their higher number of treatment days in total or per animal—are of interest regarding the potential reduction in antimicrobial usage. Likewise, larger farms with higher management requirements were found to be of particular importance for the reduction of antimicrobial usage. Monitoring programs should therefore evaluate different age categories separately to identify problems for individual farms.

show abstract

“…Importantly, Switzerland is free of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), enzootic pneumonia and actinobacillosis, which play roles in disease development in PCVDs [17].…”

Section: Short Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this high sero-prevalence, few cases of PCVDs were reported in Switzerland before 2003 [15]. The sudden onset of an epizootic correlated with a genetic shift from PCV2a group members to a specific PCV2b group member that we named PCV2b-CH [15].Importantly, Switzerland is free of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), enzootic pneumonia and actinobacillosis, which play roles in disease development in PCVDs [17].With the introduction of piglet vaccination in Switzerland in 2008, the number of PCV2-SD cases decreased dramatically.There were two aims of this study. First, we sought to gain a general understanding of how humoral responses appear in a persistently infected population under three different conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Titers from Finisher Populations with Persistent/Latent PCV2 Infection Before, During and After the PCV2-SD Epizootic

Vybiral¹,

Sydler²,

Haessig³

et al. 2017

Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) diseases (PCVDs) have affected pig production worldwide over the last three decades. Since the advent of mass vaccination, manifestations of PCVDs have dramatically decreased. Nevertheless, persistent/latent PCV2 infections linger in the pig population.Therefore, we investigated whether conclusions can be drawn regarding the health status of a population based on humoral responses to a persistent pathogen such as PCV2. We examined the Swiss finisher population because in this population, time points associated with major events have been well documented. We measured PCV2-specific antibody titers of finishers before the Swiss epizootic in 1996-97 and compared these titers with antibody titers in 2006, during the peak of the epizootic, and in 2011, three years after the start of the mass vaccination of piglets.Two hundred serum samples from finishers were analyzed for each of these time periods, which correspond to before, during and after the Swiss epizootic. PCV2-specific IgG antibody titers were low to modestly positive during the pre-epizootic and post-epizootic periods. At the peak of the epizootic in 2006, almost all serum samples were positive, with higher average IgG concentrations than those detected in pre-epizootic and post-epizootic samples. Moreover, IgM antibodies were analyzed for 60 randomly chosen finishers in each time period. Of these 180 samples, only two serum samples from 2006 contained PCV2-specific IgM antibodies.Mass vaccination against PCV2 reduced PCV2-specific antibody titers in pigs with persistent/latent infection to pre-epizootic levels. Our data show prevalence for and concentrations of IgG-specific PCV2 antibodies, which appear to be correlated with PCVD. This result is counterintuitive because one would typically expect higher antibody concentrations to be associated with less disease; a possible interpretation is that elevated concentrations of immature anti-PCV2 antibodies provided pigs with a certain level of protection against PCVDs.Keywords: PCV2-specific IgG and IgM; Population study; Seroprevalence; Persistent/latent infections; Epizootic periods; Mass vaccination campaign Short CommunicationPorcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), which is one of the most significant pathogens in pig production worldwide, is the causative agent of porcine circovirus diseases (PCVDs). PCV2 can be detected in both healthy and diseased pigs [1] and is found in the lymphatic system in most pigs [2,3].We and others have demonstrated that PCV2 affects the maturation and differentiation of T cells [3][4][5]. We specifically identified T helper cells as being targeted by PCV2-infected cells in the thymus [4]. These T helper cells are essential for the proper maturation of high-affinity antibody-secreting centroblasts [6]. Overall, humoral responses to PCV2 do not correlate with the infection statuses of pigs [4,7,8].This result is unsurprising due to the latent nature of PCV2, which is found in pig fetuses before immune competency [3,4]. In addition, current infor...

show abstract

Lung and pleura lesions before and after implementation of a national eradication program against enzootic pneumonia and actinobacillosis and lesions of slaughter carcasses and organs of slaughter pigs in Switzerland

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Use of antibiotics in Swiss piglet production and fattening farms

Use of antibiotics in Swiss piglet production and fattening farms

Antimicrobial Usage Among Different Age Categories and Herd Sizes in Swiss Farrow-to-Finish Farms

Antibody Titers from Finisher Populations with Persistent/Latent PCV2 Infection Before, During and After the PCV2-SD Epizootic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About