Lung cancer histologies associated with emphysema on computed tomography

Smith, Benjamin M.; Schwartzman, Kevin; Kovacina, Bojan; Taylor, Jana; Kasymjanova, G.; Brandao, Guilherme; Agulnik, J.

doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.09.003

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The most frequent histological type was adenocarcinoma, consistent with data from Europe, Asia, and the United States [42-46]. Patients with LC+COPD had significantly more squamous LC and lower KCO values than patients with LC only.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Lung Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Underdiagnosis, and Clinical Characterization

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The differential clinical and functional features among LC patients with or without COPD have not been defined. Objectives: The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence and underdiagnosis rate of COPD in LC patients and to compare the clinical and functional features of LC patients with and without COPD. Methods: We designed a multicenter hospital-based study including all LC cases diagnosed from January 2014 to August 2016. We assessed epidemiological, clinical, radiological, functional, and histological variables in all cases. Results: We recruited 602 patients with LC, most of them men (77.9%), with a median age of 67 ± 15 years. The COPD prevalence among LC patients was 51.5%, with a underdiagnosis rate of 71.6%. The LC+COPD patients were older and the proportion of men was higher compared with the LC-only patients. The LC+COPD patients had more pack-years, more squamous LC, a lower monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO), and higher Charlson index scores than patients with LC only. The median survival of LC-only patients was 37% longer than that of LC+COPD patients (22 vs. 16 months), but this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Among LC patients, COPD is prevalent and underdiagnosed. Patients with LC+COPD more often have squamous LC, have greater comorbidities, and have a lower KCO. More effort should be made for an early diagnosis of COPD to select patients at higher risk of developing LC.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Lung Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Underdiagnosis, and Clinical Characterization

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, the relationship between emphysema and lung cancer appears to depend on histologic subtype. A recent study demonstrated a significantly higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma in the presence of CT detected emphysema than for other histologic subtypes (12). In view of the shared pathogenic mechanisms of emphysema and squamous cell lung cancer (13), we questioned whether the severity of emphysema influences prognosis in patients with advanced stage squamous cell lung cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prognostic significance of CT-emphysema score in patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer

Kim

Ahn

et al. 2016

J. Thorac. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer present major medical challenges; COPD is the third leading cause of death and lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States (1,2). Several studies have established a relationship between COPD and lung cancer. The prevalence of COPD in newly-diagnosed lung cancer patients was estimated at about 50% (3) and COPD is considered an independent risk factor of lung cancer, irrespective of smoking history (4,5).Emphysema, one of the classic subtypes of COPD, is characterized by abnormal and permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to terminal bronchioles and accompanying destruction of alveolar walls. Computed tomography (CT) is an established method for the detection and quantification of emphysema (6,7), and CT-diagnosed emphysema has also been reported to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer independently of smoking history and airflow obstruction (8). Furthermore, recent studies have reported that presence of emphysema detected by CT in resected Original Article

show abstract

“…As well as airflow obstruction, emphysema diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) is also an independent risk factor for lung cancer [19,20]. A meta-analysis also concluded that CT-diagnosed emphysema was a negative prognostic factor for the overall survival of patients, independent of tumour staging [21].…”

Section: The Clinical Links Between Copd and Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Is mitochondrial dysfunction a driving mechanism linking COPD to nonsmall cell lung carcinoma?

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at increased risk of developing nonsmall cell lung carcinoma, irrespective of their smoking history. Although the mechanisms behind this observation are not clear, established drivers of carcinogenesis in COPD include oxidative stress and sustained chronic inflammation. Mitochondria are critical in these two processes and recent evidence links increased oxidative stress in COPD patients to mitochondrial damage. We therefore postulate that mitochondrial damage in COPD patients leads to increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of carcinogenesis.The functional state of the mitochondrion is dependent on the balance between its biogenesis and degradation (mitophagy). Dysfunctional mitochondria are a source of oxidative stress and inflammasome activation. In COPD, there is impaired translocation of the ubiquitin-related degradation molecule Parkin following activation of the Pink1 mitophagy pathway, resulting in excessive dysfunctional mitochondria. We hypothesise that deranged pathways in mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in COPD can account for the increased risk in carcinogenesis. To test this hypothesis, animal models exposed to cigarette smoke and developing emphysema and lung cancer should be developed. In the future, the use of mitochondriabased antioxidants should be studied as an adjunct with the aim of reducing the risk of COPD-associated cancer.

show abstract

Lung cancer histologies associated with emphysema on computed tomography

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Lung Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Underdiagnosis, and Clinical Characterization

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Lung Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Underdiagnosis, and Clinical Characterization

Prognostic significance of CT-emphysema score in patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer

Is mitochondrial dysfunction a driving mechanism linking COPD to nonsmall cell lung carcinoma?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About