Lung cancer in patients diagnosed with silicosis should be investigated

Güngen, Adil Can; Aydemir, Yusuf; Çoban, Hikmet; Düzenli, Hasan; Tasdemir, Canantan

doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2016.04.011

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“… 9 Occupational exposure to crystalline silica occurs in mining, construction, stone works/quarries, pottery manufacturing and denim sandblasting. 10 – 13 The greatest number of exposures is in the construction industry; however, workers in the mining industry experience the highest risk of lung cancer due to the magnitude and duration of their silica exposure. 14 , 15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicosis and lung cancer: current perspectives

Sato¹,

Shimosato²,

Klinman³

2018

LCTT

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“Silica” refers to crystalline particles formed by the combination of silicon with oxygen. Inhalation of silica particles promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis that over prolonged periods increases the risk of lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified crystalline silica as a human carcinogen in 1997. This categorization was questioned due to 1) the absence of dose–response findings, 2) the presence of confounding variables that complicated interpretation of the data and 3) potential selection bias for compensated silicosis. Yet, recent epidemiologic studies strongly support the conclusion that silica exposure increases the risk of lung cancer in humans independent of confounding factors including cigarette smoke. Based on this evidence, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) lowered the occupational exposure limit for crystalline silica from 0.1 to 0.05 mg/m3 in 2013. Further supporting the human epidemiologic data, murine models show that chronic silicosis is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. In animals, the initial inflammation induced by silica exposure is followed by the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment that supports the growth of lung tumors. This work will review our current knowledge of silica-associated lung cancers, highlighting how recent mechanistic insights support the use of cutting-edge approaches to diagnose and treat silica-related lung cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicosis and lung cancer: current perspectives

Sato¹,

Shimosato²,

Klinman³

2018

LCTT

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“…Exposure to silica is a global concern because a large number of workers all over the world are exposed to silica and are damaged (6). According to recent reports, 1.7 million workers in the USA, 2 million workers in Europe, and 23 million workers in China are exposed to silica (7). Despite many efforts of the International Labor Organization (ILO) to con-trol the exposure of workers to silica (4), occupational exposure to crystalline silica in the workplace is still an important health problem (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Oxidative Stress Levels in Workers Exposed to Respirable Crystalline Silica in the West of Iran

et al. 2019

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Background: Occupational exposure to crystalline silica is still an important health problem, especially in developing countries. Exposure to silica may be associated with the induction of toxic oxidative stress. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess oxidative stress biomarkers in workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) in Hamadan city, the west of Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on two groups of exposed workers selected from four industries and unexposed office workers in 2017. The analysis of RCS in air samples was done by NIOSH method No. 7602. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase (CAT) activity were measured in serum samples. Results: In this study, 48 healthy workers exposed to silica and 47 unexposed workers as controls were selected. The mean MDA levels (26.91 ± 14.26 nmol/mL) and CAT activity (10.83 ± 5.06 U/mL) were higher in the exposed group than in the unexposed group (P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in the TAC levels between the groups and no correlation was observed between exposure to RCS and oxidative stress biomarker levels in exposed subjects. Conclusions: Although there was a significant difference in the oxidative stress levels between the groups, according to other results of our study, it is not possible to claim that oxidative stress biomarkers are appropriate biological indices for silica exposure monitoring in occupational settings. Therefore, we still require a comprehensive study of other aspects of this research field.

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“…For individuals suffering from end‐stage silicosis, the only effective treatment is lung transplantation (3, 4). In addition, some patients diagnosed with silicosis may develop lung cancer at a late stage of the disease process (5). The pathophysiology of silicosis begins with the deposition of silica particles in the alveoli of the lung.…”

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confidence: 99%

Silica‐induced initiation of circular ZC3H4 RNA/ZC3H4 pathway promotes the pulmonary macrophage activation

et al. 2018

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Phagocytosis of silicon dioxide (SiO) into lung cells causes an inflammatory cascade that results in fibroblast proliferation and migration, followed by fibrosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of noncoding RNAs that are present within mammalian cells; however, researchers have not determined whether circRNAs are involved in the pathophysiologic process of silicosis. To elucidate the role of these RNAs in SiO-induced inflammation in pulmonary macrophages, we investigated the upstream molecular mechanisms and functional effects of circRNAs on cell apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. Primary cultures of alveolar macrophages from healthy donors and from patients and the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line were used to explore the functions of circZC3H4 RNA in macrophage activation. The experimental results indicated the following: 1) SiO concomitantly increased circZC3H4 RNA expression and increased ZC3H4 protein levels; 2) circular ZC3H4 (circZC3H4) RNA and ZC3H4 protein participated in SiO-induced macrophage activation; and 3) SiO-activated macrophages promoted fibroblast proliferation and migration via the circZC3H4 RNA/ZC3H4 pathway. The up-regulation of the ZC3H4 protein was confirmed in tissue samples from patients with silicosis. Our study elucidates a link between SiO-induced macrophage activation and the circZC3H4 RNA/ZC3H4 pathway, thereby providing novel insight into the potential use of ZC3H4 to develop novel therapeutic strategies for silicosis.-Yang, X., Wang, J., Zhou, Z., Jiang, R., Huang, J., Chen, L., Cao, Z., Chu, H., Han, B., Cheng, Y., Chao, J. Silica-induced initiation of circular ZC3H4 RNA/ZC3H4 pathway promotes the pulmonary macrophage activation.

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Lung cancer in patients diagnosed with silicosis should be investigated

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Silicosis and lung cancer: current perspectives

Silicosis and lung cancer: current perspectives

Blood Oxidative Stress Levels in Workers Exposed to Respirable Crystalline Silica in the West of Iran

Silica‐induced initiation of circular ZC3H4 RNA/ZC3H4 pathway promotes the pulmonary macrophage activation

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