Lung Cancer Screening

Hoffman, Richard M.; Sanchez, Rolando

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.03.008

Cited by 84 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Until recently, due to a lack of therapeutic targets for NSCLC, patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease when they are illeligible to receive the standard treatment . Although there have been new therapeutic methods applied in clinical settings, the overall survival rate of NSCLC patients remains at 15% . Therefore, a better understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of NSCLC is urgently required in order to develop an effective therapeutic strategy to improve the survival rate of NSCLC patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA SNHG1 influences cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non‐small cell lung cancer cells via the miR‐361‐3p/FRAT1 axis

Zheng

2019

Thoracic Cancer

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Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most lethal type of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as crucial regulators in the development of NSCLC. The aim of our study was to explore the molecular mechanism of SNHG1 to enable better treatment for NSCLC patients. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of Small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1), miR-361-3p and frequently rearranged in advanced T-cell lymphomas 1 (FRAT1). The protein level of FRAT1 was measured by western blot assay. Cell proliferation was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry assay. The number of migrated and invaded cells were counted by transwell assay. The relationship between miR-361-3p and SNHG1 or FRAT1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results: Our results indicated that SNHG1 and FRAT1 were highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells. SNHG1 silencing inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and blocked migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Also, FRAT1 downregulation suppressed proliferation, promoted apoptosis and hindered migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Further, FRAT1 could recover the effects of SNHG1 silencing on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. SNHG1 sponged miR-361-3p and negatively regulated miR-361-3p expression. Meanwhile, miR-361-3p targeted FRAT1 and inversely modulated FRAT1 expression. In addition, miR-361-3p inhibition abated the effect of SNHG1 knockdown on FRAT1 expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, LncRNA SNHG1 promoted the proliferation, repressed apoptosis and enhanced migration and invasion of NSCLC cells by regulating FRAT1 expression via sponging miR-361-3p.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA SNHG1 influences cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non‐small cell lung cancer cells via the miR‐361‐3p/FRAT1 axis

Zheng

2019

Thoracic Cancer

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“…Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer death in the world. 1,2 Due to poor diagnosis in the early stage, when symptoms are present, most lung cancer patients become aware of their malignancy only in the late stages, when surgical treatment is not preferable. 3,4 As a result, in order to improve the quality of life and extend survival, systemic chemotherapy is usually the final and main treatment for advanced lung cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel-loaded redox-sensitive nanoparticles based on hyaluronic acid-vitamin E succinate conjugates for improved lung cancer treatment

Song

Cai

Yin

et al. 2018

IJN

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BackgroundLung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide. A redox-sensitive nanocarrier system was developed for tumor-targeted drug delivery and sufficient drug release of the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) for improved lung cancer treatment.MethodsThe redox-sensitive nanocarrier system constructed from a hyaluronic acid-disulfide-vitamin E succinate (HA-SS-VES, HSV) conjugate was synthesized and PTX was loaded in the delivery system. The physicochemical properties of the HSV nanoparticles were characterized. The redox-sensitivity, tumor-targeting and intracellular drug release capability of the HSV nanoparticles were evaluated. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of the PTX-loaded HSV nanoparticles was investigated in a CD44 over-expressed A549 tumor model.ResultsThis HSV conjugate was successfully synthesized and self-assembled to form nanoparticles in aqueous condition with a low critical micelle concentration of 36.3 μg mL−1. Free PTX was successfully entrapped into the HSV nanoparticles with a high drug loading of 33.5% (w/w) and an entrapment efficiency of 90.6%. Moreover, the redox-sensitivity of the HSV nanoparticles was confirmed by particle size change of the nanoparticles along with in vitro release profiles in different reducing environment. In addition, the HA-receptor mediated endocytosis and the potency of redox-sensitivity for intracellular drug delivery were further verified by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis. The antitumor activity results showed that compared to redox-insensitive nanoparticles and Taxol®, PTX-loaded redox-sensitive nanoparticles exhibited much greater in vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing ability against CD44 over-expressed A549 tumor cells. In vivo, the PTX-loaded HSV nanoparticles possessed much higher antitumor efficacy in an A549 mouse xenograft model and demonstrated improved safety profile. In summary, our PTX-loaded redox-sensitive HSV nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced antitumor efficacy and improved safety of PTX.ConclusionThe results of our study indicated the redox-sensitive HSV nanoparticle was a promising nanocarrier for lung cancer therapy.

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“…In 2011, The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated the efficacy of LDCT scans in detecting lung cancer and reducing disease mortality rates by 20% (6). Since then, several scientific societies have modified their respective diagnostic guidelines to include LDCT screening for high risk patients, a test for which Medicare now reimburses patients (7). However, LDCT is an inefficient diagnostic tool.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Lung cancer early detection and health disparities: the intersection of epigenetics and ethnicity

Lerner¹,

Winn²,

Hulbert³

2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Lung cancer is the most prominent cause of cancer-related mortality. Significant disparities in incidence and outcome characterize the disease's manifestations among ethnically and racially diverse populations. Complete surgical resection is the most effective curative treatment. However, success relies on early tumor detection. The National Lung Cancer Screening trial showed that lung cancer related mortality can be reduced by the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening. However, this test is plagued by a high false positive rate of 97% and the device itself is limited to designated cancer centers due to its expense and size. This restriction makes it difficult for underserved groups to access LDCT screening, the current standard of care. Highly sensitive and specific epigenetic DNA methylation-based biomarkers have the potential to work independently or in conjunction with LDCT screening to identify early-stage tumors. These tests could reduce unnecessary invasive confirmatory diagnostic tests and their associated morbidity and mortality.These tests also have the opportunity to bring lung cancer screening to the community thereby reducing unequal accessibility. However, epigenetic alterations are closely linked to the interplay between hereditary and environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, ethnic ancestry, toxin exposure, residential segregation, and disparate community support structures. Despite this, the overwhelming number of early detection DNA methylation biomarker studies to date have either failed to control for ethnicity or have employed heavily Caucasian-biased patient cohorts. This review seeks to summarize the literature related to the early detection of lung cancer through molecular biomarkers among different ethnicities. Ethnical specific epigenetic biomarkers have the potential to be the first step towards an accessible, available personalized medicine approach to cancer through liquid biopsy.

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Lung Cancer Screening

Cited by 84 publications

References 65 publications

LncRNA SNHG1 influences cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non‐small cell lung cancer cells via the miR‐361‐3p/FRAT1 axis

LncRNA SNHG1 influences cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non‐small cell lung cancer cells via the miR‐361‐3p/FRAT1 axis

Paclitaxel-loaded redox-sensitive nanoparticles based on hyaluronic acid-vitamin E succinate conjugates for improved lung cancer treatment

Lung cancer early detection and health disparities: the intersection of epigenetics and ethnicity

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