Lung CT: Part 2, The Interstitial Pneumonias???Clinical, Histologic, and CT Manifestations

Ferguson, E. E.; Berkowitz, Eugene A.

doi:10.2214/ajr.10.7309

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…AIP as an idiopathic disease is observed in patients with the mean age of 50 years with equal occurrence in male and women [18] [52] [53]. Most patients within 3 weeks of symptoms develop severe dysponea and seek treatment with signs of pneumonic consolidation with diffuse crackles [1] [18] [52]. Mechanical ventilation is required with oxygen therapy as the condition rapidly progress to acute respiratory failure.…”

Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality rate is 50% or higher. Lung fibrosis is observed in the survivors of the acute phase [52]. For a definitive diagnosis, histopathological pattern is necessary [18].…”

Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) Airspace consolidation in dependent areas of the lung (due to reflection of intra-alveolar oedema and hemorrhage in the exudative phase) [18] [52] [55] [56]. These signs are mostly diffuse or involve upper lobes and usually bibasilar [52]. Intraalveolar fibrosis leads to consolidations, which are usually seen in organizing phase, distinguished by lung architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis and cysts [52] [55]- [58].…”

Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These signs are mostly diffuse or involve upper lobes and usually bibasilar [52]. Intraalveolar fibrosis leads to consolidations, which are usually seen in organizing phase, distinguished by lung architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis and cysts [52] [55]- [58]. Ground-glass attenuation on HRCT can be double faced disease.…”

Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bilateral ground-glass opacity is a typical finding in LIP, which can be uniform or patchy [68] [69]. Perivascular, thin walled cysts are some other findings in LIP [52] [67]. These cysts appear within lung parenchyma mainly in the middle section of lungs, neighboring with blood vessels [70] [71].…”

Section: Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia (Lip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias (IIPs): Review of Clinical, Radiographic and High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT)

Shaikh¹,

Li²,

Li³

2016

ACT

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Making a confident diagnosis is a complex task for a specific form of interstitial lung disease and providing appropriate management in an attempt to achieve normalization of the disease can put up an alarming process for the clinicians. A set of diffuse and restrictive lung diseases incorporate with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, showing inflammation and fibrosis of the interstitium due to parenchymal damage. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has magnified the diagnostic standpoint in stepwise identification and classified various patterns in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease. The aim of our review is to elaborate clinical, radiographic and typical and atypical HRCT findings of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias by correlating with its differential diagnosis. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most predominant idiopathic interstitial pneumonias and its diagnosis needs to omit all other well-known causes of interstitial lung diseases. According to the 2011 evidence-based guidelines, usual interstitial pneumonia can be diagnosed by HRCT when all criteria are fulfilled. Non-specific interstitial pneumonia is distinguished by bilateral patchy ground-glass opacities and irregular linear/reticular opacities. Respiratory bronchiolitis associated-interstitial lung disease and desquamative interstitial pneumonia show centrolobular nodules and ground-glass opacities as imaging patterns. Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia consists of patchy peripheral or peribronchial consolidations, while ground-glass opacities with tendency for migration, which is evolving to fibrosis, in acute interstitial pneumonia. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pleuro-parenchymal fibroelastosis are classified under rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. HRCT images help radiologists in diagnosis and mapping specific patterns of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. This article reviews the stages of evolution in HRCT features for idiopathic interstitial pneumonias.

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Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality rate is 50% or higher. Lung fibrosis is observed in the survivors of the acute phase [52]. For a definitive diagnosis, histopathological pattern is necessary [18].…”

Section: Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (Aip)mentioning

confidence: 99%