Lung disease in indigenous children

Abstract

A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 EDUCATIONAL AIMSThe reader will be able to:• Discuss the common respiratory problems encountered by indigenous children.• Appreciate the similarities and differences in the aetiology, associations and management of these common respiratory problems.• Understand the many facets that impact on the clinical outcomes of common respiratory conditions affecting indigenous children.• Discuss potential intervention targets that can reduce the morbidity and mortality of respiratory diseases in indigenous children. Page 3 of 27A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 3 SUMMARY Children in indigenous populations have substantially higher respiratory morbidity than nonindigenous children. Indigenous children have more frequent respiratory infections that are, more severe and, associated with long-term sequelae. Post-infectious sequelae such as chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis are especially prevalent among indigenous groups and have lifelong impact on lung function. Also, although estimates of asthma prevalence among indigenous children are similar to non-indigenous groups the morbidity of asthma is higher in indigenous children. To reduce the morbidity of respiratory illness, best-practice medicine is essential in addition to improving socio-economic factors, (eg household crowding), tobacco smoke exposure, and access to health care and illness prevention programs that likely contribute to these issues. Although each indigenous group may have unique health beliefs and interfaces with modern health care, a culturally sensitive and community-based comprehensive care system of preventive and long term care can improve outcomes for all these conditions. This article focuses on common respiratory conditions encountered by indigenous children living in affluent countries where data is available.

The EMBARC European Bronchiectasis Registry: protocol for an international observational study

“…EMBARC will make the registry platform available in Asia, Australasia and other continents to produce a harmonised dataset for international comparisons. The burden of bronchiectasis is not limited to adults, and future developments of the registry may seek to address bronchiectasis in children and/or to collect additional data in specific subgroups of patients such as those with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease [39, 40]. The development of the EMBARC registry has benefitted greatly from collaborations with the US COPD Foundation Bronchiectasis and NTM registry and with the emerging registry in Australia.…”

The global burden of respiratory infections in indigenous children and adults: A review

“…However, the benefits from population‐based vaccination programmes have not been universal. In the NT in Australia for instance, despite achieving a population PCV‐7 vaccination coverage rate of ~90%, the incidence of radiologically confirmed pneumonia has not significantly decreased . Nevertheless, indigenous‐specific national immunization guidelines exist.…”

“…In the NT in Australia for instance, despite achieving a population PCV-7 vaccination coverage rate of~90%, the incidence of radiologically confirmed pneumonia has not significantly decreased. 90 Nevertheless, indigenous-specific national immunization guidelines exist. In Australia, the Australian National Immunisation Program recognizes indigeneity as a risk factor.…”

Protrahiert-bakterielle Bronchitis

“…Eine CSLD und Bronchiektasien sind besonders prävalent bei indigenen Kindern [2]. Dies wird auf schlechtere sozioökonomische Verhältnisse, vermehrte Tabakrauchexposition, fehlende Impfungen und Präventionsprogramme sowie erschwerten Zugang zu medizinischer Versorgung zurückgeführt.…”