Lung gas exchange in simple pneumoconiosis of coal workers

Cotes, J. E.; Field, G. B.

doi:10.1136/oem.29.3.268

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Previous studies have also shown a disturbance in diffusing capacity, particularly in pinpoint‐type disease 26,27 . In contrast with previous studies, the patients in this study had predominantly q‐ or r‐type pneumoconiosis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the relationship between radiological abnormalities and both pulmonary function and pulmonary hypertension in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

et al. 2007

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The impairment of pulmonary function (mainly disturbance in airflow rates and air trapping) and pulmonary hypertension may be present, even in a simple form of CWP. The pulmonary function impairment in patients with CWP is likely to be attributable to the occurrence of emphysema. However, pulmonary hypertension was directly related to the profusion of pneumoconiotic nodules, which may result in obliteration of the vascular bed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the relationship between radiological abnormalities and both pulmonary function and pulmonary hypertension in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

et al. 2007

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“…During exercise, there is also a similarity between ventilation and pulmonary perfusion, which reduces the volume of physiological dead space and, consequently, the ventilatory demand. In individuals with interstitial lung disease or reduction on the compliance of lung and/or chest wall, there is a decrease in pulmonary volumes and an increase in dead space, so the ventilatory strategy during exercise becomes less efficient, i.e., the increase in ventilation occurs predominantly due to the increase in respiratory rate (tachypneic pattern) ( 28 ). Thus, the worse ventilatory efficiency observed in workers with pneumoconiosis was justified by greater values of ventilatory equivalent of oxygen during exercise (i.e., V̇E/V̇O 2 ), which might have resulted from increased V̇E ( 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess early ventilatory changes related to occupational particulate matter

Chao

Sperandio

Ostolin

et al. 2018

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Spirometry has been used as the main strategy for assessing ventilatory changes related to occupational exposure to particulate matter (OEPM). However, in some cases, as one of its limitations, it may not be sensitive enough to show abnormalities before extensive damage, as seen in restrictive lung diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) may be better than spirometry to detect early ventilatory impairment caused by OEPM. We selected 135 male workers with at least one year of exposure. After collection of self-reported socioeconomic status, educational level, and cardiovascular risk data, participants underwent spirometry, CPET, body composition assessment (bioelectrical impedance), and triaxial accelerometry (for level of physical activity in daily life). CPET was performed using a ramp protocol on a treadmill. Metabolic, cardiovascular, ventilatory, and submaximal relationships were measured. We compared 52 exposed to 83 non-exposed workers. Multiple linear regressions were developed using spirometry and CPET variables as outcomes and OEPM as the main predictor, and adjusted by the main covariates. Our results showed that OEPM was associated with significant reductions in peak minute ventilation, peak tidal volume, and breathing reserve index. Exposed participants presented shallower slope of ΔVT/ΔlnV̇E (breathing pattern), i.e., increased tachypneic breathing pattern. The OEPM explained 7.4% of the ΔVT/ΔlnV̇E variability. We found no significant influence of spirometric indices after multiple linear regressions. We conclude that CPET might be a more sensitive feature of assessing early pulmonary impairment related to OEPM. Our cross-sectional results suggested that CPET is a promising tool for the screening of asymptomatic male workers.

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Foamed Plastics

Suh

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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This article is concerned with the general theory of expansion, manufacturing processes, properties, and applications of foamed (cellular) plastics. The high strength‐to‐weight ratio, excellent insulating properties, and cushioning properties of cellular plastics have contributed to the development and growth of the broad range of cellular plastics in use. The total usage of foamed plastics in the United States has risen from 441 thousand metric tons in 1967 to 1.6 million metric tons in 1982 and has been projected to rise to about 2.8 million metric tons in 1995. The manufacturing processes for cellular polymers are described in terms of three classified methods based on the cell growth and stabilization processes. The properties of cellular plastics including mechanical, thermal, electrical, and environmental aging properties, are summarized. A general discussion is given on the properties of cellular plastic necessary in many applications such as the comfort cushioning, thermal insulation, packaging, structural components, buoyancy, electrical insulation, and space‐filling markets. A brief discussion is also given on the process economics, raw materials, and energy considerations for the commercial products of primary importance.

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Lung gas exchange in simple pneumoconiosis of coal workers

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of the relationship between radiological abnormalities and both pulmonary function and pulmonary hypertension in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

Evaluation of the relationship between radiological abnormalities and both pulmonary function and pulmonary hypertension in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

Use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess early ventilatory changes related to occupational particulate matter

Foamed Plastics

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