Lung growth and pulmonary function after prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Moschino, Laura; Bonadies, Luca; Baraldi, Eugenio

doi:10.1002/ppul.25380

Cited by 53 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(219 reference statements)

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“…In some young adult survivors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the maximal FEV1 value is less than 80% of the predicted value, leading to the risk of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-like phenotype (3,27) during adulthood in the more severe cases. This association has been confirmed by findings (26) regarding short-and long-term respiratory outcomes, including an increased rate of hospitalization during the first years of life, independently from BPD diagnosis and severity (31), frequent wheezing disorders (5), and reduced lung function and impaired exercise capacity at different stages of life (11,16,23,28).…”

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confidence: 61%

World Prematurity Day: the long journey of the preterm lung

Bonadies

Baraldi

2021

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Since its proclamation in 2009, World Prematurity Day has striven to raise awareness of the implications of preterm birth. The efforts by the European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants (EFCNI) and other international societies and health organizations to increase awareness about prematurity and the possible sequelae for the infant, his/her family and the society are unceasing, but November 17 th is the official day dedicated to spreading the message that approximately 15 million infants are prematurely born every year with possible long-lasting consequences for the more premature neonates. This year, the second in a row, COVID-19 continues to affect the approach of healthcare professionals, hospitals and patients. Fear of the disease has led to a reduction in routine health controls in general (10), and it has caused patients of all types to delay emergency treatment; both have contributed to elevating health-related costs due to more severe conditions at admission (8).Antenatal care has also been impacted by this fearful approach as fewer visits to the gynecologist have led to more preterm births at later stages of fetal distress leaving little or no time for administering appropriate antenatal therapy (40). In addition, in many cases the COVID-19 situation has also impeded initiating kangaroo mother care (20) and postnatal care in general and delayed emergency unit evaluations (37). Now more than ever this year's World Prematurity Day represents an important opportunity to convey the urgent message that preterm birth and its consequences can be prevented through appropriate prenatal and postnatal evaluations and interventions, even as the pandemic continues.As recently suggested by Jobe and Bancalari (17), a preterm birth can have important long-term, life-long systemic consequences.

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confidence: 61%

World Prematurity Day: the long journey of the preterm lung

Bonadies

Baraldi

2021

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…HRCT gives a more detailed picture of the airway size and wall thickness, and with this method, information about hyperinflation due to air entrapment, oedema, and fibrosis can be obtained. HRCT is considered as a much more sensitive examination for detecting structural changes in the lung [2,[21][22][23][24][25][26]. Radiological findings in the evaluation of BPD with HRCT should be done with a certain scoring and that seems important to compare the data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, researchers developed different HRCT scorings for BPD and usually used parameters such as linear, subpleural, triangular opacities, mosaic pattern, and hyperexpansion as scoring parameters [8,27,28]. In most of the studies related to HRCT evaluations in the older ages of cases with BPD in the neonatal period, the HRCT findings were not evaluated according to the BPD severity of the cases; the pathologies detected are given in general percentages [24,26,28,29]. In the literature, there were studies comparing HRCT values with clinical data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scores in Cases of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Akcan

Oygucu

Arslan

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Background. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) carries a risk of long-term pulmonary sequelae. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a method of detecting such structural changes. This study is aimed at characterizing structural abnormalities associated with BPD and at evaluating the clinical findings in the newborn period associated with HRCT scores. Methods. 28 patients born with a mean gestation age of 30 ± 2.9 weeks and diagnosed as BPD in their neonatal period were reevaluated when they were between the postnatal ages of 6 and 12 months. HRCT was performed in 20 patients with a history of moderate and severe BPD. Scans were interpreted by one radiologist using a scoring system. Results. Patients were 9.8 ± 2.3 months at the time of reevaluation. The average HRCT score of patients was, respectively, 7.20 ± 4.05 with moderate and 7.40 ± 2.84 with severe BPD. The difference between them was not significant ( p = 0.620 ). When moderate and severe groups were collected as a whole on the basis of physical findings and drug treatment, 6 had normal physical examination findings, no oxygen and no drug requirement; 14 had at least one finding at the time of reevaluation. No significant difference was detected in terms of HRCT score between the two groups ( 6.50 ± 3.83 versus 7.64 ± 3.30 ). Conclusions. More studies are needed in terms of the role of HRCT in the assessment of BPD prognosis. A contemporary definition of BPD that correlates with respiratory morbidity in childhood is needed. Also, a new lung ultrasound technique for predicting the respiratory outcome in patients with BPD can be used instead of HRCT.

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“…BPD is also burdened by long-term consequences, which include impaired lung function and architecture, recurrent respiratory infections and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Respiratory difficulties may continue well into adolescence and adulthood 9–12. Mortality rate is up to 3% during first admission in infants diagnosed with severe BPD and 20% within 2 years of life in infants requiring tracheostomy 13–15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid use for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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IntroductionPostnatal steroids during the first few weeks of life have been demonstrated to be effective in decreasing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a serious chronic respiratory condition affecting preterm infants. However, this preventive option is limited by the concern of neurological side effects. Steroids are used to treat established BPD in an attempt to reduce mortality, and length of stay and home oxygen therapy, both of which associated with high levels of parental stress and healthcare costs. Moreover, a late timing for steroid treatment may show a more favourable safety profile in terms of neurodevelopment outcomes, considering the added postnatal brain maturation of these infants. Here, we report a protocol for a systematic review, which aims to determine the efficacy and long-term safety of postnatal steroids for the treatment of established BPD in preterm infants.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane databases and sources of grey literature for conference abstracts and trial registrations will be searched with no time or language restriction. We will include case–control studies, cohort studies and non-randomised or randomised trials that evaluate postnatal steroids for infants diagnosed with moderate or severe established BPD at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. We will pool data from studies that are sufficiently similar to make this appropriate. Data extraction forms will be developed a priori. Observational studies and non-randomised and randomised clinical trials will be analysed separately. We will combine OR with 95% CI for dichotomous outcomes and the mean difference (95% CI) for continuous outcomes. We will account for the expected heterogeneity by using a random-effects model. We will perform subgroup analysis based on the a priori determined covariate of interest.Ethics and disseminationSystematic reviews are exempted from approval by an ethics committee. Attempts will be sought to publish all results.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021218881.

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Lung growth and pulmonary function after prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cited by 53 publications

References 126 publications

World Prematurity Day: the long journey of the preterm lung

World Prematurity Day: the long journey of the preterm lung

High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scores in Cases of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Steroid use for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

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