Lung inflammatory responses

Thacker, Eileen L.

doi:10.1051/vetres:2006011

Cited by 66 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…Although major efforts have been made to control M. hyopneumoniae infection and its detrimental effects, significant economic losses remain in pig production worldwide due to enzootic pneumonia (Thacker, 2006). Effective control requires a number of actions, including establishing and monitoring the extent of disease, reducing transmission of infection, and developing an appropriate vaccination strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure (LAMP) for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection based on the p36 gene

Mj¹,

Gm²,

Ff³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to establish a method for sensitive and rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in clinical specimens. To this effect, we employed three sets of primers specifically designed for amplification of nucleic acids under isothermal conditions. After optimization of reaction conditions, M. hyopneumoniae could be successfully detected at 63°C in 45 min through use of the loop- (2015) mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. A positive reaction was identified visually as white precipitate and confirmed by gel electrophoresis. The detection limit for this assay was 10 copies/µL, as observed by electrophoretic analysis. The accuracy of the LAMP reaction was confirmed by restriction endonuclease digestion as well as by direct sequencing of the amplified product. This method can specifically detect M. hyopneumoniae; other species with high homology and other bacterial and virus strains gave negative results. To test the utility of this procedure, the LAMP assay was applied to 40 clinical samples collected from swine lung tissues experimentally challenged with M. hyopneumoniae isolates, and compared to the results from a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. A concordance of 100% was observed between the two assays. In conclusion, the results from our study demonstrated that the LAMP assay provided a rapid reaction and was inexpensive to perform, with no need of complex instruments or systems such as Geneamp PCR. The LAMP assay may therefore be applied in routine diagnosis in the clinical laboratory and for in-field detection of M. hyopneumoniae infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure (LAMP) for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection based on the p36 gene

Mj¹,

Gm²,

Ff³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Perhaps PRRSV persists because of the following: 1) the co-lateral damage caused by the T-independent production of autoantibodies, kidney deposition of immune complexes, or aggregated IgG and vasculitis (12) increases susceptibility to other pathogens (47,49); and/or 2) the low CD4 ϩ :CD8 ϩ ratio fails to support Ab repertoire development, isotype switch, and consequently effective VN Abs. The molecular basis of hypergammaglobulinemia and sometimes autoimmunity in some viral infections remains unexplained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These may nevertheless play a role in reducing the viral load (34). Of major concern to animal health is that PRRSV 1) results in persistent infections that may require 150 days to clear (46) and 2) infections increase susceptibility to secondary infection and may interfere with the success of vaccines (47)(48)(49).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Repertoire Development in Fetal and Neonatal Piglets: XIX. Undiversified B Cells with Hydrophobic HCDR3s Preferentially Proliferate in the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

Butler

Lemke

Weber

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes an extraordinary increase in the proportion of B cells resulting in lymphoid hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and autoimmunity in neonatal piglets. Spectratypic analysis of B cells from neonatal isolator piglets show a non-Gaussian pattern with preferential expansion of clones bearing certain H chain third complementary region (HCDR3) lengths. However, only in PRRSV-infected isolator piglets was nearly the identical spectratype observed for all lymphoid tissues. This result suggests dissemination of the same dominant B cell clones throughout the body. B cell expansion in PRRS was not associated with preferential VH gene usage or repertoire diversification and these cells appeared to bear a naive phenotype. The B cell population observed during infection comprised those with hydrophobic HCDR3s, especially sequences encoded by reading frame 3 of DHA that generates the AMVLV motif. Thus, the hydropathicity profile of B cells after infection was skewed to favor those with hydrophobic binding sites, whereas the normally dominant region of the hydropathicity profile containing neutral HCDR3s was absent. We believe that the hypergammaglobulinemia results from the products of these cells. We speculate that PRRSV infection generates a product that engages the BCR of naive B cells, displaying the AMVLV and similar motifs in HCDR3 and resulting in their T-independent proliferation without repertoire diversification.

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“…Today, chronic inflammation is viewed as a biomarker that often precedes tumor formation and, therefore, may prove useful in cancer detection [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Moreover, biomarkers of inflammation have been used recently in studies assessing the prevention of various diseases [1,[14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory response of lung macrophages and epithelial cells to tobacco smoke: a literature review of ex vivo investigations

et al. 2010

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Chronic inflammation contributes to the initiation and progression of tumors and tobacco smoke-associated inflammation is associated with malignant and certain non-neoplastic lung diseases. Reported herein are the results of an interpretative synthesis review of the literature assessing the inflammatory response of lung macrophages (MPhi) and epithelial cells to tobacco smoke as measured ex vivo. Papers were retrieved using Boolean operations from PubMed and Scopus. Many writings reported the results of assays of human MPhi from fresh surgically excised human lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage, activated blood monocytes, long-term cell lines and MPhi from different laboratory animals. Some publications reported the findings of comparative studies of lung MPhi freshly isolated from the lungs of smokers and non-smokers. Other papers described the effect of tobacco smoke on lung epithelial cells. Most investigators quantified the response of the target cells to tobacco smoke by measuring the production of pro-inflammatory mediators; these included chemokines, cytokines, reactive oxygen species and enzymes. Investigators have reported conflicting observations of the response of human and animal MPhi and epithelial cells to tobacco smoke. The spectrum included papers describing robust production of various inflammatory mediators, significant reduction of a pro-inflammatory response to a known stimulant and overt cytotoxicity. This literature review documents that there exists no consensus, and no emerging trend line, of the reproducible effect(s) of cigarette smoke. This discrepancy reflects the absence of standardized protocols for collecting, processing and bioassaying the smoke, a highly complex aerosol, and identifies the need for establishing collaborative research schemes.

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Lung inflammatory responses

Abstract: -Inflammation is an important manifestation of respiratory disease in domestic animals.

Cited by 66 publications

References 139 publications

A rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure (LAMP) for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection based on the p36 gene

A rapid and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification procedure (LAMP) for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection based on the p36 gene

Antibody Repertoire Development in Fetal and Neonatal Piglets: XIX. Undiversified B Cells with Hydrophobic HCDR3s Preferentially Proliferate in the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

Inflammatory response of lung macrophages and epithelial cells to tobacco smoke: a literature review of ex vivo investigations

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