Lung retention and metabolic fate of inhaled benzo(a)pyrene associated with diesel exhaust particles

Sun, James D.; Wolff, Ronald K.; Kanapilly, G.M.; McClellan, R.O.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(84)90052-8

Cited by 66 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although these levels were 1/4-1/5 of those reported by Seto et al [13,14] for human subjects, there was significant correlation among individual PAHs (r=0.83-0.97), indicating that dogs are, like humans, most probably affected by car exhaust and other sources of these compounds [7,8,11,16,17], and that it is necessary to improve the environment to achieve reduction of PAHs in the lung. We will further investigate by accumulating data on the relationship between PAHs and sexes or living environments, individual differences, and absorption in to the lung.…”

Section: Measurement Of Pahs On Lung Specimens Of 32 Dogsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Canine Lung after Alkaline Decomposition

Takagi

Sugita²,

Muto

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. An alkaline decomposition method employing a KOH/alcohol solution was studied, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in particles remaining in canine lung were measured. As a result, BaA, BkF, BaP, and BghiP were found. By this method, PAHs extracted from the lungs of 32 dogs were 13.0-166.0 ng (mean, 63.0 ng) for BaA, 6.6-90.2 ng (mean, 27.4 ng) for BkF, 9.8-167.4 ng (mean 47.2 ng) for BaP, and 10.8-206.0 ng (mean, 61.8 ng) for BghiP. The results showed no correlation between the age and the concentration of PAHs in the lung, but some correlation was found between the age and the lung weight (p<0.01). There were significant correlations among the concentrations of the compounds in the lung (p<0.01). These results suggest that dogs, like humans, are affected by automobile exhaust and other common generation sources of such substances. KEY WORDS: alkaline decomposition, canine lung, PAH.

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Section: Measurement Of Pahs On Lung Specimens Of 32 Dogsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Canine Lung after Alkaline Decomposition

Takagi

Sugita²,

Muto

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Our results are in agreement with these findings (Table 3). An increased lung retention of particle-associated BaP has also been demonstrated in inhalation studies of BaP adsorbed to 67Ga2O3-particles (26) and BaP-associated with diesel exhaust particles (27). Particle size appears to be of great importance for the retention of particleassociated BaP and also for tumor induction (5,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Long-term carcinogenicity study in Syrian golden hamster of particulate emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants.

Persson

Ahlberg

Berghem

et al. 1988

Environ Health Perspect

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Male Syrian golden hamsters were given 15 weekly intratracheal instillations with suspensions of coal fly ash or oil fly ash. Controls were instilled with saline containing gelatine (0.5 g/100 mL) or to check particle effects with suspensions of hematite (Fe203). The common weekly dose was 4.5 mg/hamster. In addition, one subgroup of hamsters was treated with oil fly ash at a weekly dose of 3.0 mg/hamster and another with coal fly ash at a weekly dose of 6.0 mg/hamster. Other groups of hamsters were treated with suspensions of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) or with suspensions on coal fly ash, oil fly ash, or Fe2O3 coated with BaP. The mass median aerodynamic diameters of the coal and oil fly ashes were 4.4 ,um and 28 ,um, respectively. Hamsters treated with oil fly ash showed a higher frequency of bronchiolar-alveolar hyperplasia than hamsters in the other treatment groups. Squamous dysplasia and squamous metaplasia were most frequent in animals treated with suspensions of BaP or BaP-coated particles. The earliest appearance of a tumor, the highest incidence of tumors, and the highest incidence of malignant tumors were observed in hamsters treated with oil fly ash coated with BaP. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma were the most frequent malignant tumors. No malignant tumors and only few benign tumors were observed in hamsters instilled with suspensions of fly ash not coated with BaP. The present study gives no indication that coal fly ash could create more serious health problems than oil fly ash.

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“…gallium oxide or diesel exhaust particles; MMAD, ~0.1 µm), similar rapid clearance from the respiratory tract was observed. The relative amount of radiolabel in the stomach was higher following exposure to benzo [a]pyrene adsorbed onto gallium oxide or diesel exhaust particles than after exposure to pure aerosols of benzo [a]pyrene (Sun et al, 1982(Sun et al, , 1984. In rats exposed to [ sitional characteristics of the particulate matter, as well as by the chemical properties of the PAHs themselves.…”

Section: (E) Distributionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Results from studies in rats indicate that: (i) absorbed PAHs are widely distributed to most organs and tissues; (ii) fatty tissues can serve as storage sites to which PAHs may be gradually absorbed and from which they are then released; and (iii) the gastrointestinal tract can contain high levels of PAHs and their metabolites following exposure (by any route) due to mucociliary clearance from the respiratory tract and hepatobiliary excretion of metabolites (Mitchell & Tu, 1979;Mitchell, 1982Mitchell, , 1983Sun et al, 1984;Withey et al, 1991Withey et al, ,1993a. For example, immediately after a 95-min inhalation exposure of pregnant rats to [ 3 H]-labelled benzo [a]pyrene aerosols, levels of radiolabel associated with parent compound in the tissues decreased in the following order: lung > blood > liver > kidney > fat > fetus; 6 h after cessation of exposure, the order was fat > lung > kidney > liver > blood > fetus (Withey et al, 1993a).…”

Section: (E) Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Field Analyses with Laboratory Exposures to Assess Ecosystems Health

Hellou¹,

Beach²,

Leonard³

et al. 2012

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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initiated a programme on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans involving the production of critically evaluated monographs on individual chemicals. The programme was subsequently expanded to include evaluations of carcinogenic risks associated with exposures to complex mixtures, life-style factors and biological and physical agents, as well as those in specific occupations. The objective of the programme is to elaborate and publish in the form of monographs critical reviews of data on carcinogenicity for agents to which humans are known to be exposed and on specific exposure situations; to evaluate these data in terms of human risk with the help of international working groups of experts in chemical carcinogenesis Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved.The International Agency for Research on Cancer welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate IARC publications -whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution -should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; email: permissions@who.int).The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.The IARC Monographs Working Group alone is responsible for the views expressed in this publication. IARC Library Cataloguing in Publication Data NOTE TO THE READERThe term 'carcinogenic risk' in the IARC Monographs series is taken to mean that an agent is capable of causing cancer under some circumstances. The Monographs evaluate cancer hazards, despite the historical presence of the word 'risks' in the title.Inclusion of an agent in the Monographs does not imply that it is a carcinogen, only that the published data have been examined. Equally, the fact that an agent has not yet been evaluated in a Monograph does not mean that it is not carcinogenic.The evaluations of carcinogenic risk are made by international working groups of independent scientists and are qualitative in nature. No recommendation is given for regulation or legislation.Anyone who is aware of published data that may alter the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of an agent to humans is encouraged to make this information available to the Section of IARC Monographs, International Agency for...

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Lung retention and metabolic fate of inhaled benzo(a)pyrene associated with diesel exhaust particles

Cited by 66 publications

References 29 publications

Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Canine Lung after Alkaline Decomposition

Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Canine Lung after Alkaline Decomposition

Long-term carcinogenicity study in Syrian golden hamster of particulate emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants.

Integrating Field Analyses with Laboratory Exposures to Assess Ecosystems Health

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