Lung tumor tracking in fluoroscopic video based on optical flow

Xu, Qiang; Hamilton, Russell J.; Schowengerdt, Robert A.; Alexander, Brian M.; Jiang, Steve B

doi:10.1118/1.3002323

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Markerless tracking technique is an alternative method. Some studies have reported using fluoroscopic imaging for direct tumor tracking with template matching, optical flow or active shape model 10, 11, 12. However, direct tumor tracking would be difficult for those low‐contrast images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A feasibility study of intrafractional tumor motion estimation based on 4D‐CBCT using diaphragm as surrogate

Zhou

Hong

Yan

et al. 2018

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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PurposeTo investigate the intrafractional stability of the motion relationship between the diaphragm and tumor, as well as the feasibility of using diaphragm motion to estimate lung tumor motion.MethodsEighty‐five paired (pre and posttreatment) daily 4D‐CBCT images were obtained from 20 lung cancer patients who underwent SBRT. Bony registration was performed between the pre‐ and post‐CBCT images to exclude patient body movement. The end‐exhalation phase image of the pre‐CBCT image was selected as the reference image. Tumor positions were obtained for each phase image using contour‐based translational alignments. Diaphragm positions were obtained by translational alignment of its apex position. A linear intrafraction model was constructed using regression analysis performed between the diaphragm and tumor positions manifested on the pretreatment 4D‐CBCT images. By applying this model to posttreatment 4D‐CBCT images, the tumor positions were estimated from posttreatment 4D‐CBCT diaphragm positions and compared with measured values. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) test was performed to determine a suitable indicator for predicting the estimate accuracy of the linear model.ResultsUsing the linear model, per‐phase position, mean position, and excursion estimation errors were 1.12 ± 0.99 mm, 0.97 ± 0.88 mm, and 0.79 ± 0.67 mm, respectively. Intrafractional per‐phase tumor position estimation error, mean position error, and excursion error were within 3 mm 95%, 96%, and 99% of the time, respectively. The residual sum of squares (RSS) determined from pretreatment images achieved the largest prediction power for the tumor position estimation error (discrepancy < 3 mm) with an Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.92 (P < 0.05).ConclusionUtilizing the relationship between diaphragm and tumor positions on the pretreatment 4D‐CBCT image, intrafractional tumor positions were estimated from intrafractional diaphragm positions. The estimation accuracy can be predicted using the RSS obtained from the pretreatment 4D‐CBCT image.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A feasibility study of intrafractional tumor motion estimation based on 4D‐CBCT using diaphragm as surrogate

Zhou

Hong

Yan

et al. 2018

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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“…12,39 Tumor mean position and motion standard deviation derived from our methods can be used as critical for decision making. Compared to most markerless tracking techniques that only provide 2D tracking, 15,40,41,45 the real-time directly detected SI trajectory and real-time AP/LAT representative trajectory can offer more information to be used in advanced clinical applications (e.g., aperture tracking).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several methods have been developed where the most prevalent technique involved was using fluoroscopic images 39,40,45 but with drawbacks as being relatively cumbersome and with long time to clinical implementation as well as difficulty in applying the techniques to rotational therapy. A comprehensive review of tracking lung tumors using markerless techniques is presented in the papers by Lewis et al 42,43 This work presents a markerless 3D tumor tracking technique that provides real-time tumor trajectory reconstruction using the most common kilovoltage imaging technology (kV) by employing the cone-beam CT (CBCT) projection images acquired during treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimization algorithm for 3D real-time lung tumor tracking during arc therapy using kV projection images

et al. 2013

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Purpose: To develop a real-time markerless 3D tumor tracking using kilovoltage (kV) cone-beam CT (CBCT) projection images during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment of lung tumors. Methods:The authors have developed a method to identify the position of lung tumors during VMAT treatment, where the current mean 3D position is detected and subsequently the real time 3D position is obtained. The mean position is evaluated by iteratively minimizing an observation error function between the tumor coordinate detected in the imaging plane and the coordinate of the corresponding projection of the estimated mean position. The 3D trajectory is reconstructed using the same optimization formalism, where an observation error function is minimized for tumor positions confined within a predefined amplitude bin as determined from the superiorinferior tumor motion. Dynamic phantom experiments were performed and image data acquired during patient treatment were analyzed to characterize the reconstruction ability of the proposed method. Results:The proposed algorithm needs to acquire kV projection data until a certain gantry angle is passed through, termed the black-out angle, before accurate estimation mean 3D tumor position is possible. The black-out angle for the mean position method is approximately 20• , while for the 3D trajectory reconstruction an additional ∼15• is required. The mean 3D position and 3D trajectory reconstruction are accurate within ±0.5 mm. Conclusions:The authors present a real-time tracking framework to locate lung tumors during VMAT treatment using an optimization algorithm applied to CBCT kV projection images taken concomitantly with the treatment delivery. The authors' technique does not introduce significant additional dose and can be used for real-time treatment monitoring. © 2013 Author(s)

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“…32,33 In this study, we investigated the role of ribs (from rib-cage structure) to be used as natural internal markers for lung and liver tumors. To do this, several inner points of different ribs were taken into account as natural anatomical landmark with 2 groups of lung and liver tumors located at different positions to complete our assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Feasibility Study on Ribs as Anatomical Landmarks for Motion Tracking of Lung and Liver Tumors at External Beam Radiotherapy

Nankali

Torshabi

Miandoab

2016

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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At external beam radiotherapy for some tumors located at thorax region due to lack of information in gray scale fluoroscopic images tumor position determination is problematic. One of the clinical strategies is to implant clip as internal fiducial marker inside or near tumor to represent tumor position while the contrast of implanted clip is highly observable rather than tumor. As alternative, using natural anatomical landmarks located at thorax region of patient body is proposed to extract tumor position information without implanting clips that is invasive method with possible side effect. Among natural landmarks, ribs of rib-cage structure that result proper visualization at X-ray images may be optimal as representative for tumor motion. In this study, we investigated the existence of possible correlation between ribs as natural anatomical landmarks and various lung and liver tumors located at different sites as challenging issue. A simulation study was performed using data extracted from 4-dimensional extended cardiac-torso anthropomorphic phantom that is able to simulate motion effect of dynamic organs, as well. Several tumor sites with predefined distances originated from chosen ribs at anterior-posterior direction were simulated at 3 upper, middle, and lower parts of chest. Correlation coefficient between ribs and tumors was calculated to investigate the robustness of ribs as anatomical landmarks for tumor motion tracking. Moreover, a consistent correlation model was taken into account to track tumor motion with a rib as best candidate among selected ribs. Final results represent availability of using rib cage as anatomical landmark to track lung and liver tumors in a noninvasive way. Observations of our calculations showed a proper correlation between tumors and ribs while the degree of this correlation is changing depends on tumor site while lung tumors are more varied and complex with less correlation with ribs motion against liver tumors.

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Lung tumor tracking in fluoroscopic video based on optical flow

Cited by 66 publications

References 82 publications

A feasibility study of intrafractional tumor motion estimation based on 4D‐CBCT using diaphragm as surrogate

A feasibility study of intrafractional tumor motion estimation based on 4D‐CBCT using diaphragm as surrogate

An optimization algorithm for 3D real-time lung tumor tracking during arc therapy using kV projection images

A Feasibility Study on Ribs as Anatomical Landmarks for Motion Tracking of Lung and Liver Tumors at External Beam Radiotherapy

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