Lupin and pea extrusion decreases the ruminal degradability and improves the true ileal digestibility of crude protein

Barchiesi, Federica; Williams, Pamela; Velásquez, Alejandro

doi:10.7764/rcia.v45i3.1762

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Barchiesi-Ferrari and Anrique (2011) found an increase in the CP potential degradable fraction of lupins because of extrusion, but this increase was not biologically significant. Solanas et al (2008) and Barchiesi et al (2018) did not find significant differences, possibly because they used dehulled lupins. Lampart-Szczapa et al (2006) showed lower increases when they used dehulled lupins as they had lower moisture absorbance capacity, which probably affected the Maillard reaction negatively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Crude protein effective degradability in the current study was similar to the findings of Cros et al (1992) and Aufrère et al (2001), which resulted in an RUP increase of 8.96%, allowing increasing metabolizable protein availability and consequently amino acid availability in the small intestine. Studies by Barchiesi et al (2018) found decreased crude protein effective degradability at an outflow rate of 0.06/h of lupins through extrusion from 82.3% to 72.7%, with an increased true ileal CP digestibility. It is well established that effective protein degradability is negatively related to nitrogen digestibility (Zagorakis et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This decreased solubility correlates with the findings of other authors. For example, Barchiesi-Ferrari & Anrique (2011) and Barchiesi et al (2018), who extruded dehulled L. albus at 120 °C and 130 °C at 20% moisture, respectively, and found decreases of 12% (42.7% to 37.4%) and 29% (34.2% to 24.4%), respectively, in the CP soluble fraction. It seems that non-structural carbohydrates are prone to react with protein in the presence of heat and moisture, diminishing protein solubility at ruminal level (Solanas et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems that non-structural carbohydrates are prone to react with protein in the presence of heat and moisture, diminishing protein solubility at ruminal level (Solanas et al, 2008). Increases in the potential degradable fraction correspond to a reduced soluble fraction of feed (Barchiesi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of extrusion on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of lupins

Brand¹,

Jordaan²

2021

SA J. An. Sci.

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Lupins are highly degradable in the rumen, and do not provide enough bypass protein for high-producing ruminant animals. The effects of extrusion on dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) rumen degradability of Lupinus albus and Lupinus angustifolius were determined in situ. Samples of both types of lupin were extruded at maximum temperature, which reached 116 °C. Six Dohne Merino wethers fitted with rumen cannulas were used in this trial. Samples were incubated in the rumen at intervals of 0, 2, 4, 12, 36, and 48 hours. This procedure was repeated in two sheep per treatment and in three periods, giving a total of six observations for each variable. Extrusion lowered the soluble fraction of CP and increased the potential degradable fraction without affecting its rate of degradation. It also lowered the effective degradability of CP of both types of lupin by 28% at an outflow rate of 0.08% per hour. No differences were observed between types. Extrusion modified the ruminal degradation parameters and decreased effective rumen degradation, especially at faster outflow rates. Thus, the rumen undegradable protein (RUP) fraction of lupins was increased by extrusion and lupins could be used more efficiently in ruminant diets. This study showed that the benefits of extrusion could be reached at a relatively low temperature of 116 °C to reduce the possibility of heat damage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of extrusion on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of lupins

Brand¹,

Jordaan²

2021

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Total-tract NDF digestibility (TTNDFD), calculated as ruminal NDF digestion + hindgut NDF digestion, has recently been demonstrated to be a good predictor of forage digestibility [ 26 , 27 ]. A large number of studies have been conducted to investigate the ruminal degradability, iNDF, and total-tract digestibility (TTD) of concentrate feeds [ 20 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ] and high-quality forages such as CSil [ 26 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], AH [ 41 , 42 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 50 ], and oat hay [ 46 , 48 ] during the last two decades. However, studies on ruminal degradability, iNDF content, intestinal digestibility (ID), and TTD of the crop straws, especially CS, RS, and WS are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage

Wang

et al. 2021

Animals

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Three main crop straws including corn straw (Zea mays, CS), rice straw (Oryza sativa, RS), and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum, WS), and two forages including alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa, AH) and corn silage (Zea mays, CSil) were analyzed in order to compare their ruminal degradability, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), intestinal digestibility (ID), and their total-tract digestibility (TTD) of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) using both an in situ nylon bag technique and a mobile nylon bag technique. The forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 6, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 288 h, respectively, to determine their ruminal degradability. Prior to intestinal incubation, forage samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h and 24 h to determine the ruminal degradable content of CP, NDF, and ADF, respectively, and for 288 h to determine their iNDF288 content. Residues from the ruminal undegradable fractions (12 h for CP, 24 h for NDF and ADF) were subsequently inserted into the duodenum through a cannula to determine their intestinal digestible content. Here, the TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF were determined as the ruminal degradable content + intestinal digestible content. The results showed that AH had the highest iNDF2.4 (calculated as acid detergent lignin content × 2.4) and iNDF288 values (379.42 and 473.40 g/kg of NDF), while CS and CSil had the lowest iNDF2.4 values (177.44 and 179.43 g/kg of NDF). The ruminal degradability of CP, NDF, and ADF for CS, RS, and WS were lower than those of AH and Csil during the first 48 h of incubation. The potential degradation fraction of CP, NDF, and ADF for CSil was the highest; CS, RS, and WS were intermediate; and AH was the lowest (p < 0.05). CS, RS, and WS had a lower intestinal digestibility with respect to their rumen undegradable content of NDF (p < 0.05), and lower TTD of CP, NDF, and ADF (p < 0.05) compared to AH and CSil. General regression equations with satisfactory accuracy (R2 ≥ 0.828) were derived to predict iNDF288 and TTD based on their chemical compositions and the ruminal degradation kinetics of different forages. Incorporating this information into rations could improve our ability to optimize main crop straws utilization and milk production.

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Effect of extrusion with molasses on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of canola oilcake meal and sweet lupins

Brand¹,

Jordaan²,

Dreyer³

2023

SA J. An. Sci.

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The effect of the extrusion of canola oilcake meal (COM) and crushed sweet lupins (CSL) with molasses on the dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability was determined in situ. Locally sourced (SOILL Moorreesburg, South Africa) COM and CSL, with the addition of 6% molasses, were extruded at a maximum temperature of 116 °C. A total of six Dohne Merino wethers (± 80 kg), fitted with rumen cannula, were used in this trial. Samples in polyester bags (5 g) were incubated in the rumen of the sheep at intervals of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h. The DM and CP disappearances from the rumen were determined and degradability parameters were estimated. Extrusion increased the potentially degradable CP fraction by 43.5%. At each outflow rate, the average CP effective degradability of COM (68.2%) was lower than that of CSL (78.0%). Extrusion substantially lowered the CP effective degradability for both protein sources at every outflow rate tested. The biggest effect was seen at 0.08/h, where effective degradation was lowered by 25.6%. Extrusion with molasses was found to modify ruminal degradation parameters of both canola oilcake meal and crushed sweet lupins, while also decreasing the effective rumen degradation, especially at faster outflow rates. Thereby, the rumen undegradable protein fraction was increased by 85.4%. This study shows that COM and CSL extruded with 6% molasses can substantially increase RUP.

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Lupin and pea extrusion decreases the ruminal degradability and improves the true ileal digestibility of crude protein

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of extrusion on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of lupins

Effect of extrusion on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of lupins

Comparison of Ruminal Degradability, Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Total-Tract Digestibility of Three Main Crop Straws with Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage

Effect of extrusion with molasses on the rumen undegradable protein fraction of canola oilcake meal and sweet lupins

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