Luteal function and conception in lactating cows and some factors influencing luteal function after first insemination

Hommeida, Abdelrahim; Nakao, Toshihiko; Kubota, Hirokazu

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.09.018

Cited by 37 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This study investigated at-line progesterone dynamic changes according to milk yield, lactation number, and status of reproduction in dairy cows. The results show and confirm that progesterone concentration within pregnant cattle was higher than that in other investigated cattle groups, which coincides with the results reported by Hommeida et al [ 7 ]. Larson et al [ 8 ] noted that progesterone concentrations 5–10 days after insemination were higher in pregnant cattle.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Using this precision technology can improve our understanding of the factors affecting the reproductive physiology of the modern dairy cow, and informed decision making can improve fertility in dairy cows. In addition to assisting with reproductive management decisions, the assessment of frequent mP4 data generated by Herd Navigator TM gives a new opportunity to evaluate parameters of luteal activity [ 7 , 8 ], such as mP4 levels at specific time points, and their associations with fertility. Given the considerable variability in luteal phase length in the modern dairy cow [ 3 ], evaluating the characteristics of luteal activity through mP4 profiles in cows that conceived and maintained a pregnancy would enhance the understanding of dairy cow fertility [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Changes in Progesterone Concentration in Cows’ Milk Determined by the At-Line Milk Analysis System Herd NavigatorTM

Antanaitis

Malašauskienė

Televičius

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The aim of the current instant study was to evaluate relative at-line milk progesterone dynamic changes according to parity and status of reproduction and to estimate the relationship with productivity in dairy cows by at-line milk analysis system Herd NavigatorTM. According to the progesterone assay, experimental animals were divided into three periods: postpartum, after insemination, and pregnancy. In the first stage of the postpartum period, progesterone levels in milk were monitored every 5 days. This period of reproductive cycle recovery was followed for 30 days (days 0–29). The second stage of the postpartum period (30–65 days) lasted until cows were inseminated. In the period (0–45 days) after cow insemination, progesterone levels were distributed according to whether or not cows became pregnant. For milk progesterone detection, the fully automated real-time progesterone analyzer Herd NavigatorTM (Lattec I/S, Hillerød, Denmark) was used in combination with a DeLaval milking robot (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden). We found that an at-line progesterone concentration is related to different parities, reproductive statuses, and milk yield of cows: the 12.88% higher concentration of progesterone in milk was evaluated in primiparous cows. The average milk yield in non-pregnant primiparous cows was 4.64% higher, and in non-pregnant multiparous cows 6.87% higher than in pregnant cows. Pregnancy success in cows can be predicted 11–15 days after insemination, when a significant increase in progesterone is observed in the group of pregnant cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Changes in Progesterone Concentration in Cows’ Milk Determined by the At-Line Milk Analysis System Herd NavigatorTM

Antanaitis

Malašauskienė

Televičius

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…In recent studies relationships between P4 levels early after AI and embryo survival have been reported [ 46 ]. Hommeida et al [ 47 ] studied 19 lactating HF cows in Japan and reported higher P4 concentration in pregnant cows after day 10 compared to cows returning to oestrus before day 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent and pattern of pregnancy losses and progesterone levels during gestation in Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein dairy cows

2018

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BackgroundPregnancy loss is a major source of infertility in dairy cows. Despite a fertilization rate after insemination (AI) of approximately 90%, calving rates are 30%–50%, indicating the occurrence of extensive embryonic and foetal losses. The aim of this study was to establish the extent and pattern of embryonic and foetal loss in Swedish Red (SR) and Swedish Holstein (SH) dairy cows, as well as, the relationship to oestrus intensity (OI) and progesterone (P4) concentration. In total, 2130 AIs and 16,176 milk P4 samples from 359 SR and 212 SH dairy cows were included in the study. Pregnancy losses were estimated using data from P4 values combined with AI information and calving data.ResultsTotal pregnancy loss from AI to the day of calving was 65%. Early embryonic loss, late embryonic loss and foetal loss were estimated to be 29, 14 and 13%, respectively. There is strong evidence in the literature that P4 concentrations at different time points are associated with pregnancy loss. In the present study, cows with pregnancy losses had significantly higher P4 levels at the day of AI and significantly lower P4 concentration at days 10, 21 and 30 after AI compared to pregnant cows. Swedish Red cows had significantly lower total pregnancy losses compared to SH cows (62% and 68% respectively, P = 0.017). Early embryonic loss was 6.7% points lower for cows inseminated at a stronger OI (OI = 3) compared to at a weaker OI (OI = 2, P = 0.006). Cows inseminated at ovulation number ≥ 5 had significantly lower early pregnancy losses compared to cows inseminated at first or second ovulation (11.5 and 8% points, respectively, P < 0.05). With an increase of one SD of milk (448 kg ECM) during the first 60 days in milk, early embryonic loss increased by 4.7% points (P = 0.006).ConclusionsIt is important to increase the number of cows calving per insemination by reducing embryo/foetal loss. This outcome can be achieved by management and breeding for optimal P4 levels at critical time points, and by considering oestrus expression in the breeding programmes to facilitate the correct timing of insemination.

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“…Atkins et al (2013) recently demonstrated using path analysis that in embryo recipient beef cows, progesterone concentration at transfer on d 7 was the variable that best predicted the probability of pregnancy success at d 27 of gestation. Moreover, several observational studies have reported that cows diagnosed to be nonpregnant have reduced concentrations of progesterone compared with those diagnosed as pregnant (Lukaszewska and Hansel, 1980;Shelton et al, 1990;Mann et al, 1995;Kerbler et al, 1997;Perry et al, 2005;Mann and Lamming, 2001;Hommeida et al, 2004). Although this is an associative response, it supports the hypothesis that reduced progesterone during early gestation impedes fertility.…”

Section: Luteal Progesterone Concentrations Uterine Functionality Amentioning

confidence: 73%

TRIENNIAL REPRODUCTION SYMPOSIUM: Deficiencies in the uterine environment and failure to support embryonic development1

Bridges

Day

Geary

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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Pregnancy failure in livestock can result from failure to fertilize the oocyte or embryonic loss during gestation. The focus of this review is on cattle and factors affecting and mechanisms related to uterine insufficiency for pregnancy. A variety of factors contribute to embryonic loss and it may be exacerbated in certain animals, such as high-producing lactating dairy cows, and in some cattle in which estrous synchronization and timed AI was performed, due to reduced concentrations of reproductive steroids. Recent research in beef cattle induced to ovulate immature follicles and in lactating dairy cows indicates that deficient uterine function is a major factor responsible for infertility in these animals. Failure to provide adequate concentrations of estradiol before ovulation results in prolonged effects on expression and localization of uterine genes and proteins that participate in regulating uterine functions during early gestation. Furthermore, progesterone concentrations during early gestation affect embryonic growth, interferon-tau production, and uterine function. Therefore, an inadequate uterine environment induced by insufficient steroid concentrations before and after ovulation could cause early embryonic death either by failing to provide an adequate uterine environment for recognition of embryo signaling, adhesion, and implantation or by failing to support appropriate embryonic growth, which could lead to decreased conceptus size and failed maternal recognition of pregnancy.

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Luteal function and conception in lactating cows and some factors influencing luteal function after first insemination

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamic Changes in Progesterone Concentration in Cows’ Milk Determined by the At-Line Milk Analysis System Herd NavigatorTM

Dynamic Changes in Progesterone Concentration in Cows’ Milk Determined by the At-Line Milk Analysis System Herd NavigatorTM

Extent and pattern of pregnancy losses and progesterone levels during gestation in Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein dairy cows

TRIENNIAL REPRODUCTION SYMPOSIUM: Deficiencies in the uterine environment and failure to support embryonic development1

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