Luteinizing Hormone Regulation of Inter-Organelle Communication and Fate of the Corpus Luteum

Przygrodzka, Emilia; Plewes, Michele R.; Davis, John S.

doi:10.3390/ijms22189972

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 228 publications

(312 reference statements)

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“…(2018) in that the diameter of the ovulatory follicle and the subsequent CL are positively correlated [ 29 , 30 ]. It has been suggested [ 12 , 31 ] that an ovulatory follicle with an adequate number of granulosa cells that can synthesize adequate amounts of estradiol and progesterone after luteinization will result in the development of a normal CL. The larger ovulatory follicles in FFW can be attributed to the milieu of low progesterone and high luteinizing hormone pulses during metestrus and early diestrus of the estrous cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fertility of dairy heifers and cows is not influenced by the follicular wave of the ovulatory follicle

MOHAMMADI,

AZARI,

KAFI

2024

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of the follicular wave on ovarian function and fertility in dairy heifers and lactating cows. In study 1, the estrous cycle of the selected Holstein heifers was initially synchronized using two intra-muscular prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ) administrations 11 days apart. Heifers in group FFW (n = 14) received an intra-muscular 500 μg PGF 2α administration on day 7 after detecting standing estrus, while Heifers in group SFW (n = 14) were administered PGF 2α 13 days after detecting standing estrus. The pregnancy rates of FFW (n = 98) and SFW (n = 100) heifers were also determined 35–37 days after artificial insemination (AI). In Study 2, healthy Holstein lactating cows (n = 28) were randomly assigned to either the FFW (n = 14) or SFW (n = 14) groups. The estrous cycles of the cows were presynchronized using two intra-muscular administrations of PGF 2α given 14 days apart. Then, the emergences of the follicular waves were induced using an Ovsynch protocol. The pregnancy rate of FFW (n = 99) versus SFW (n = 98) cows was also determined 35–37 days after AI. The ovulatory follicle and corpus luteum (CL) resulting from the ovulatory follicle of FFW were larger than those of the dominant follicle and the CL of SFW in dairy heifers and lactating cows. However, the pregnancy rate did not differ between the FFW and SFW groups in heifers and lactating cows 35–37 days after AI. In conclusion, although the characteristics of the ovulatory follicles in FFW versus SFW animals differed, the follicular wave in dairy heifers or lactating cows did not affect fertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fertility of dairy heifers and cows is not influenced by the follicular wave of the ovulatory follicle

MOHAMMADI,

AZARI,

KAFI

2024

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…However, the relationship between FSH, mitophagy and apoptosis remains elusive in GCs and more studies are needed to evaluate the role of FSH-mediated mitochondrial integrity, mitophagic flux and the survival of fully functional GCs. This is even more needed for LH, since very little mechanistic data are available despite the reorganization of mitochondrial network during the luteal phase ( 121 ). Overall, this indicates the LH signaling pathway as a modulator of the mitochondrial steroidogenic activity and dynamics.…”

Section: Pituitary Gonadotropins Modulate Ovarian Mitochondrial Morphology Dynamics and Steroidogenic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian Aging: Role of Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Hormones and ncRNAs in Regulating Ovarian Mitochondrial Activity

et al. 2021

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The number of mitochondria in the oocyte along with their functions (e.g., energy production, scavenger activity) decline with age progression. Such multifaceted functions support several processes during oocyte maturation, ranging from energy supply to synthesis of the steroid hormones. Hence, it is hardly surprising that their impairment has been reported in both physiological and premature ovarian aging, wherein they are crucial players in the apoptotic processes that arise in aged ovaries. In any form, ovarian aging implies the progressive damage of the mitochondrial structure and activities as regards to ovarian germ and somatic cells. The imbalance in the circulating hormones and peptides (e.g., gonadotropins, estrogens, AMH, activins, and inhibins), active along the pituitary-ovarian axis, represents the biochemical sign of ovarian aging. Despite the progress accomplished in determining the key role of the mitochondria in preserving ovarian follicular number and health, their modulation by the hormonal signalling pathways involved in ovarian aging has been poorly and randomly explored. Yet characterizing this mechanism is pivotal to molecularly define the implication of mitochondrial dysfunction in physiological and premature ovarian aging, respectively. However, it is fairly difficult considering that the pathways associated with ovarian aging might affect mitochondria directly or by altering the activity, stability and localization of proteins controlling mitochondrial dynamics and functions, either unbalancing other cellular mediators, released by the mitochondria, such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). We will focus on the mitochondrial ncRNAs (i.e., mitomiRs and mtlncRNAs), that retranslocate from the mitochondria to the nucleus, as active players in aging and describe their role in the nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk and its modulation by the pituitary-ovarian hormone dependent pathways. In this review, we will illustrate mitochondria as targets of the signaling pathways dependent on hormones and peptides active along the pituitary/ovarian axis and as transducers, with a particular focus on the molecules retrieved in the mitochondria, mainly ncRNAs. Given their regulatory function in cellular activities we propose them as potential diagnostic markers and/or therapeutic targets.

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“…The corpus luteum is a transient endocrine gland that secretes the steroid hormone progesterone to maintain pregnancy ( 1 , 2 ). This ephemeral gland is inversely regulated by luteotrophic hormones which support luteal formation, maintenance, and steroidogenesis ( 3 ), and luteolytic hormones, such as prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), which trigger loss of progesterone and regression of the gland ( 1 ). Luteolysis is a naturally occurring event necessary for regulation of the female reproductive cycle ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostaglandin F2α regulates mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in the bovine corpus luteum

et al. 2023

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Prostaglandins are arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. PGF2α analogues are therapeutically used for regulating mammalian reproductive cycles and blood pressure, inducing term labor, and treating ocular disorders. PGF2α exerts effects via activation of calcium and PKC signaling, however, little is known about the cellular events imposed by PGF2α signaling. Here, we explored the early effects of PGF2α on mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in the bovine corpus luteum employing relevant and well characterized in vivo and in vitro approaches. We identified PKC/ERK and AMPK as critical protein kinases essential for activation of mitochondrial fission proteins, DRP1 and MFF. Furthermore, we report that PGF2α elicits increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and promotes receptor-mediated activation of PINK–Parkin mitophagy. These findings place the mitochondrium as a novel target in response to luteolytic mediator, PGF2α. Understanding intracellular processes occurring during early luteolysis may serve as a target for improving fertility.

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Luteinizing Hormone Regulation of Inter-Organelle Communication and Fate of the Corpus Luteum

Cited by 32 publications

References 228 publications

The fertility of dairy heifers and cows is not influenced by the follicular wave of the ovulatory follicle

The fertility of dairy heifers and cows is not influenced by the follicular wave of the ovulatory follicle

Ovarian Aging: Role of Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Hormones and ncRNAs in Regulating Ovarian Mitochondrial Activity

Prostaglandin F2α regulates mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in the bovine corpus luteum

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