Luteolin: A Potential Multiple Targeted Drug Effectively Inhibits Diabetes Mellitus Protein Targets

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a significant health problem that has reached worrisome proportions: almost half of the world's population now has diabetes. Diabetes mellitus, or diabetes, is a severe, long-term disease in which a person's blood glucose levels are elevated due to their body's inability to make any or enough insulin, or to properly utilise the insulin that it does produce. The chemicals extracted from medicinal plants were shown to be both safer and more bioactive than manufactured medicines.
 Objective: The goal of this research was to use molecular docking to find possible binding affinities of luteolin, a phytocompound from Rumex vesicarius L, to five target proteins, in order to find the lead molecule against diabetes.
 Methodology: One chemical was isolated from Rumex vesicarius L. leaves in this research. The binding affinity of the complexes was calculated using molecular docking studies. The docking procedure was carried out using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6, which brought the ligand together with the target proteins.
 Results: The binding energies of Luteolin with major Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amido transferase (GFAT1), Pancreatic α-Amylase, Forkhead box protein O1(FOX01), α--glucosidase, and Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) were determined to be -6.89, -6.80, -6.36, -9.35, and -7.72 kcal.
 Conclusion: Our findings suggest that luteolin can target not only α--glucosidase but also DPP4 and other targets, suggesting that they may be used as type 2 diabetes mellitus inhibitors. We believe that this phytochemical, luteolin, may be utilised in preclinical studies as an anti-diabetic drug to combat diabetes mellitus.

Recent Updates on Source, Biosynthesis, and Therapeutic Potential of Natural Flavonoid Luteolin: A Review

“…Thus, it prevents glucose optimization and then binding to glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amido transferase (GFAT1), and Forkhead box protein O1 (FOX01), suggesting that it may help to avoid hyperglycemia. This shows that LUT is a potent inhibitor of type 2 diabetes mellitus [72]. During kidney hemorrhage, LUT significantly decreases MDA levels and increases SOD activity.…”

Identification of phytoconstituents from Albizia lebbeck as potential therapeutics against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase associated with infective endocarditis: In silico and in vitro approaches

“…For instance, a recent study reported that A. lebbeck extracts showed potent inhibitory efficacies in contradiction of together wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 strains associated with infective endocarditis ( Kumar, 2021 , Gujjeti et al, 2014 , Mamidala et al, 2020 , Nair, 2013 ). Moreover, several bioactive compounds isolated from A. lebbeck , including Geraldone, Luteolin, and Isookanin, have been shown to possess anti-HIV-1 activities ( Chattopadhyay, 2013 , Nair, 2013 , Davella and Mamidala, 2021 , Kumar et al, 2020 ). The present study affords molecular understandings into the binding modes and interactions of A. lebbeck compounds with the DNA-p of HIV-1 RT.…”