Luteolin and chicoric acid synergistically inhibited inflammatory responses via inactivation of PI3K-Akt pathway and impairment of NF-κB translocation in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

MAPK pathway mediates the anti‑oxidative effect of chicoric acid against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in�vivo

“…COX-2 inhibitor is able to suppress the metabolism of arachidonic acid via inhibiting COX-2 activity (21), thereby reducing the production of PGE2 and alleviating inflammatory response injuries. It may also relieve the degree of brain tissue injury and encephaledema to protect brain tissues (21). The results of the present study demonstrate that chicoric acid has a protective effect on PGE2 levels in rats with cerebral I/R injury.…”

“…In the present study, chicoric acid suppressed p38-MAPK levels in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Similarly, Park et al (21) reported that chicoric acid inhibits inflammatory responses via p38-MAPK and c-Jun.…”

“…The results of the present study demonstrate that chicoric acid has a protective effect on PGE2 levels in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Park et al (21) reported that luteolin and chicoric acid inhibited inflammatory responses via suppressing PGE2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, Jiang et al suggested that chicoric acid has a protective effect on a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis, functioning via PGE-2, TNF-α and IL-1β (22).…”

Perilla frutescens extract ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines

“…These ingredients have been reported to decrease secretion of TNF-␣ and IL-6 from macrophages by inhibition of the NF-B pathway (20,26,34,36,40). In addition, we previously reported in the treatment of DSS for 5 days that Th17 cells significantly increased as early as on day 6 and then decreased on day 10, whereas Th1 cells significantly increased on day 10 with a delay in lamina propria (41).…”

Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Ardisia arborescens Ethanol Extract

“…특히 천연물에서 유래한 dietary phytochemical은 nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)에 의해 조절되는 phase 2 detoxifying antioxidant enzyme의 발현 증가를 통해 chemopreventive function을 나타 내는 경우가 많으며, 이러한 일련의 과정은 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), 그리고 p38과 같은 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)와 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt와 같 은 상위신호전달기전의 영향을 받는다 [13,18,20,28]. 이러한 chemoprevention은 항산화 활성을 기초로 하여 암뿐만 아니 라 염증, 뇌 및 심혈관계 질환, 노화 등의 예방 및 치료 기전과 도 상호작용하는 것으로 알려지고 있어 그 중요성이 더욱 커 지고 있다 [4,14,27,31].…”