LuxLink

Bloom, Rens; Zamalloa, Marco Zúñiga; Pai, Chaitra

doi:10.1145/3356250.3360021

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This makes it possible to operate the tag with only the harvested energy provided by a small solar cell array of 46.2 cm 2 . Compared to other low-power VLC backscattering systems that employ frequency-based modulation schemes in the SoA, which consume between 42 mW to 2 W, DroneVLC consumes power that is an order of magnitude lower [12], [14]. RetroVLC and PassiveVLC achieve a lower power consumption on the tag, but these systems use amplitude-based modulation schemes, which inherently can be decoded more efficiently than frequency-based modulation [7], [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) LC shutter: There is a wide selection of LCs with very different properties. As pointed out in LuxLink [12], the modulation frequency can vary between 20 Hz and 147 Hz, depending on the model and driving voltage. The same study shows that the rise (t rise ) and fall (t f all ) times have different duration, leading to asymmetric pulses that can be hard to modulate.…”

Section: A Hardware Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) Baselines from the state-of-the-art: To position our work, it is important to discuss in detail two SoA studies. One is based on amplitude modulation (PassiveVLC, [9]), and the other on frequency (LuxLink, [12]).…”

Section: B Selecting a Suitable Modulation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequency-based modulation: Luxlink designs a passive link that works outdoors with sunlight [12]. The transmitter and receiver are static, but the method considers the changes in sunlight intensity during the day.…”

Section: B Selecting a Suitable Modulation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, compared to amplitude-based modulation schemes, frequency-based modulation consumes more power and is more complex to decode [7], [9]. Previous batteryless VLC backscattering systems employ the use of amplitude-based modulation schemes [7], [9], while systems employing frequency-based modulation schemes still require batteries to operate [12], [14]. DroneVLC is the first work that combines a frequency-based modulation scheme with a batteryless tag.…”

Section: Moving Towards a Batteryless Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DroneVLC: Exploiting Drones and VLC to Gather Data from Batteryless Sensors

Groot

Zamalloa

2023

2023 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom)

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We explore a new alternative for drones to gather information from sensors. Instead of using the traditional radiofrequency spectrum, whose broadcast nature makes it more difficult to poll specific objects, we utilize the light spectrum. In our system, the drone carries a light, and flies to an area that it is interested in polling. Only the sensor (tag) under the coverage of the light sends data back by backscattering the impinging light waves. Enabling this system poses two challenges. First, a reliable modulation method with light is required. The method must overcome noise dynamics introduced by the drone (mechanical oscillations), the object (backscattering effects) and the environment (interference from ambient light). Second, to facilitate the deployment of tags in pervasive applications, the design of the tag should be battery-less and have a small surface area. These requirements limit the amount of power available for reception, transmission and sensing, since the energy harvested by solar cells is proportional to their surface area. Regarding the first challenge, we show that the amplitude-based modulation methods used in state-of-the-art studies do not work in our scenario, and investigate instead a frequency-based approach. For the second challenge, we optimize the computation, reception and transmission of the tag to create a battery-less design that operates with frequency-modulated signals generated from light. We build a prototype for the drone and the tag, and test them under different lighting scenarios: dark, indoors, and outdoors with sunlight. The results show that, under standard indoor lighting, our system can attain a polling range of 1.1 m with a data rate of 120 bps, while the tag operates with small solar cells and consumes less than 1 mW.

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