LXXVIII. Nontraumatic Hernia of the Diaphragm. An Embryologic Viewpoint

Richards, Lyman

doi:10.1177/000348942303200409

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For example, some authors report that the mediastinal serous cavity resides within the right pulmonary ligament . Our observations disagree with this assessment even though the mediastinal serous cavity may be entered by splitting the leaves of the pulmonary ligament, just below which it lies . The right pulmonary ligament leaves the acute dorsal border of the right caudal lung lobe, extends over the right portion of the accessory lobe, and blends in with the sheet of mediastinal pleura that covers the esophagus and aorta .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…17 Persistent communication of this space with the omental bursa is the cause of congenital or primary type paraesophageal hernia and a predisposing factor in sliding hiatal hernia. [18][19][20] Extension of the mediastinal serous cavity caudal to the diaphragm was not observed in any of the clinical cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Some authors have hypothesized that the mediastinal serous cavity supports the cranial sliding motions of the gastroesophageal junction, and reduces the slope of the esophageal plane of entry into the stomach . Persistent communication of this space with the omental bursa is the cause of congenital or primary type paraesophageal hernia and a predisposing factor in sliding hiatal hernia . Extension of the mediastinal serous cavity caudal to the diaphragm was not observed in any of the clinical cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…21 Our observations disagree with this assessment even though the mediastinal serous cavity may be entered by splitting the leaves of the pulmonary ligament, just below which it lies. 20 The right pulmonary ligament leaves the acute dorsal border of the right caudal lung lobe, extends over the right portion of the accessory lobe, and blends in with the sheet of mediastinal pleura that covers the esophagus and aorta. 22 The left pulmonary ligament has approximately the same size and arrangement as the right.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pathogenesis of paraesophageal empyema in dogs and constancy of radiographic and computed tomography signs are linked to involvement of the mediastinal serous cavity

Gendron

McDonough

Flanders

et al. 2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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The mediastinal serous cavity is a normal anatomic space in the caudal mediastinum. Aims of this anatomic and case series study were to describe the signs of pathologic expansion of the mediastinal serous cavity observed during computed tomography (CT), review the underlying anatomy, perform a literature review, and evaluate the medical records of several dogs with mediastinal serous cavity empyema (paraesophageal empyema). The mesothelial lined mediastinal serous cavity is a cranial extension of the omental bursa, separated from the peritoneal cavity by the diaphragm, in the dorsal part of the caudal mediastinum, to the right of the esophagus, between the heart base and diaphragm. In five adult, large-breed dogs with surgically and histologically confirmed paraesophageal empyema, macroscopic plant material was found at surgery in two dogs, adherence to adjacent lung was present in three different dogs, accessory lobectomy was performed in two dogs with subacute-chronic pyogranulomatous pneumonia, and one dog had concurrent pyothorax and mediastinitis, but none had esophageal abnormalities. This study expands our understanding of the pathogenesis and basis for the imaging appearance of paraesophageal empyema in dogs by clarifying the underlying anatomic structures that direct development of this condition. The term empyema accurately describes this condition because the purulent material accumulates within an existing body cavity. The study also provides initial evidence that the development of paraesophageal empyema might be due to local extension of lung disease, such as foreign body migration or pneumonia. Computed tomography was helpful for diagnosis, assessing size, and determining the spread of disease.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%