Ly phenotype and mechanism of action of mouse neonatal suppressor T cells.

Mosier, Donald E.; Mathieson, Bonnie J.; Campbell, Pamela S.

doi:10.1084/jem.146.1.59

Cited by 70 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Mosier et al . (10) found that >90 0/o of thymocytes from both MTLV infected and normal thymuses also stained identically for Ly-1, Ly-2 (CD8), and Ly-3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Mouse thymic virus (MTLV). A mammalian herpesvirus cytolytic for CD4+ (L3T4+) T lymphocytes.

Morse

Valinsky

1989

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Mouse thymic virus (MTLV; ICTV designation murid herpesvirus 3) infects developing T lymphocytes of neonatal mice, causing thymic necrosis and acute immunosuppression. Infected animals shed virus indefinitely. In the present report, two-color flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations defined by the markers CD4 (L3T4) and CD8 (Lyt-2) was used to determine whether MTLV was lytic for a specific thymocyte population. At peak necrosis (8-11 d after infection), numbers of CD4+8+ cells in the thymus were reduced by 80% or more as compared with controls, and CD4+8- cells were reduced by greater than 98%. The major survivors were CD4-8+ and CD4-8- lymphocytes. These data indicate that the CD4 bearing lymphocyte is a primary target for cytolysis during MTLV infection. Possible parallels between MTLV and a newly described lymphotropic human herpesvirus, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6/HBLV), are also suggested.

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“…Mosier et al . (10) found that >90 0/o of thymocytes from both MTLV infected and normal thymuses also stained identically for Ly-1, Ly-2 (CD8), and Ly-3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Mouse thymic virus (MTLV). A mammalian herpesvirus cytolytic for CD4+ (L3T4+) T lymphocytes.

Morse

Valinsky

1989

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…This is in contrast to Th memory, which cannot be effectively established until the potent nonspecific suppression present for the first few weeks ofextrauterine life has subsided (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Suppressor T cell memory. II. The role of memory suppressor T cells in tolerance to human gamma globulin.

Loblay¹,

Groth²,

Pritchard-Briscoe³

et al. 1983

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The precise mechanism(s) of immunological tolerance to both self-and non-selfantigens remains unclear, despite substantial advances in the understanding of cellular and molecular immunology over the past three decades. Current hypotheses may be divided into two broad (but not necessarily mutually exclusive) categories: (a) those involving direct, antigen-induced clonal inactivation of specific T and/or B cells, and (b) those in which suppressor T cells (Ts) 1 are held to be responsible for specific unresponsiveness. The first category includes classical clonal deletion as described originally by Burnet (1) and modified subsequently by Bretscher and Cohn (2) in their "two signal" hypothesis. According to the latter, contact of an antigen-reactive cell with antigen alone (signal one) in the absence of a second triggering signal from a collaborating cell (signal two) leads to irreversible inactivation of the cell concerned. Related to this are certain variations (3, 4) of Lederberg's original hypothesis of selftolerance (5) which stated that developing lymphocytes are more sensitive than mature cells to antigen-induced inactivation. In some in vitro models receptor blockade has also been invoked as a mechanism for clonal inactivation (6), although this appears to be reversible (7) and its significance in vivo is uncertain.In the second category of hypotheses, antigen-specific (or in some cases idiotypespecific) suppressor cells are held to be responsible for initiating and maintaining tolerance. Although Ts have been shown to be present in a wide variety of unresponsive states (8-13), their precise role in the induction and/or maintenance of unresponsiveness remains controversial. One of the major reasons for this uncertainty is the repeated observation that the kinet.ics and magnitude of suppressive activity do not parallel the time course and degree of tolerance (14-16). Thus some investigators have come to regard the presence of Ts as a regulatory epiphenomenon of little or no relevance to the mechanism of immunological unresponsiveness (15,17,18).In this communication, Ts specific for the protein antigen human gamma globulin (HGG) have been shown to exist in two distinct functional states in tolerant animals, effector cells and memory cells. The activity of the former is readily apparent in standard adoptive mixing experiments shortly after tolerance induction, but their *

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“…An interesting analogy has to be underlined between the phenotype of suppressor cells in newborn mice and in hu man cord blood. Mosier et al [15] suggested that suppressor T cells in newborn mice bore the phenotype Ly l +,2.3+, while suppressor T cells induced by antigen or mitogen stimula tion in adult mice bore the phenotype Ly 1",2.3+. In a similar fashion, our data suggest that 'immature' T cells with the phenotype T 6\T 4+.T8+ are present in human cord blood, and these cells might exert suppressor activity [3,12], Cord blood B lymphocytes have a reduced ability to secrete immunoglobulins; more over the meager immunoglobulin synthesis is limited mainly to the IgM class, with negligi ble synthesis of IgA and IgG [2,6], Our data provide a phenotypic rationale of B-cell im maturity in cord blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Immaturity of T and B Lymphocytes in Cord Blood of Full-Term Normal Neonates

et al. 1983

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We examined mononuclear cell subsets in cord blood of normal newborns by surface marker analysis. The percentages of T lymphocytes (E-rosetting and T3⁺ cells) were lower in cord blood than in peripheral blood (PB) from adults, while the percentage and absolute number of T6⁺ cells were higher in cord blood. As the sum of T4⁺ and T8⁺ cells exceeded the values of E-rosetting lymphocytes in cord blood, we suggest that immature lymphocytes with the phenotype of ‘common’ thymocytes (T6⁺, T4⁺, T8⁺) are present in cord blood of full-term newborns. Higher percentage and absolute number of B lymphocytes were detected in cord blood. More than 50% of B cells in cord blood formed rosettes with mouse erythrocytes, a surface marker of functional immaturity. Finally, cells bearing receptors for IgG-Fc fragments or C3 and expressing Ia-like and Ml antigens were uniformly increased in cord blood, suggesting higher percentages of cells of the monocytic lineage.

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Ly phenotype and mechanism of action of mouse neonatal suppressor T cells.

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Mouse thymic virus (MTLV). A mammalian herpesvirus cytolytic for CD4+ (L3T4+) T lymphocytes.

Mouse thymic virus (MTLV). A mammalian herpesvirus cytolytic for CD4+ (L3T4+) T lymphocytes.

Suppressor T cell memory. II. The role of memory suppressor T cells in tolerance to human gamma globulin.

Phenotypic Immaturity of T and B Lymphocytes in Cord Blood of Full-Term Normal Neonates

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