Lycopene-Rich Extract from Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Decreases Plasma Triglycerides and Improves Oxidative Stress Biomarkers on Experimentally-Induced Dyslipidemia in Hamsters

Abstract

This work assessed the effects of a 28-day treatment with lycopene-rich extract (LRE) from red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in an experimental model of dyslipidemia. Male hamsters (116.5 ± 2.16 g) were fed with the AIN 93G diet containing casein (20%), coconut fat (13.5%) and cholesterol (0.1%). The animals were divided into four groups: normolipidemic control (standard feed; NC, n = 7); hypercholesterolemic control (HC, n = 7); LRE 25 mg/kg/day (LRE-25, n = 7) and LRE 50 mg/kg/day (LRE-50, n = 9). After treatment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA-p) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD-e) and the atherogenic index, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA-h), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-h) levels were assessed. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were also determined. The LRE-25 group presented significantly lower TG levels and atherogenic index than did the HC group (p < 0.05). Both LRE-25 and LRE-50 groups presented lower levels of MDA-p and MPO than did the HC group (p < 0.05). LRE demonstrated a promising effect against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress.

Promising self-emulsifying drug delivery system loaded with lycopene from red guava (Psidium guajava L.): in vivo toxicity, biodistribution and cytotoxicity on DU-145 prostate cancer cells

“…The intraperitoneal and oral administration of a lycopene-rich extract from red guava (LEG) and lycopene purified from red guava (LPG) inhibit acute inflammation caused by carrageenan in Swiss mice at 50 and 12.5 mg/kg, respectively (Vasconcelos et al 2017). Furthermore, LEG treatment significantly reduces the viability of human breast adenocarcinoma cell (MCF-7) (IC 50 = 29.85 and 5.96 µg/mL at 24 and 72 h, respectively), as well as decreases the levels of plasma triglycerides and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in hamsters Silva Brito et al 2019).…”

Potential Benefits of Lycopene Consumption: Rationale for Using It as an Adjuvant Treatment for Malaria Patients and in Several Diseases

“…In this sense, Kumar et al [219] observed that treatment with lycopene induced an increase in high-density lipoprotein and reduced levels of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and TBARS in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Brito et al [220] also demonstrated that lycopene extracted from guava (Psidium guajava L.) reduced MDA and triglyceride levels, as well as reduced plasma activity of myeloperoxidase and hepatic steatosis in an animal model of dyslipidemia. The results indicated that lycopene has hypolipidemic and anti-atherogenic potential.…”

Lycopene from Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.): From Hepatoprotective Effect to Its Use as Promising Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Applications

“…Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding hamsters a high-cholesterol feed, according to Brito et al [ 25 ]. The effect caused by oral administration of LEG at doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg on blood markers indicative of liver function in the animals was measured.…”

“…LEG and LPG presented a greater amount of lycopene than tomatoes, exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, and inhibited carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in mice [ 18 , 23 ]. The beneficial effects of LEG on human breast adenocarcinoma cells [ 24 ] and decreasing blood triglycerides and lipid peroxidation in hamsters fed a high-cholesterol diet [ 25 ] were also assessed.…”