Lymphadenopathies in human immunodeficiency virus infection

Barrionuevo, Carlos; Dueñas, Daniela

doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2017.12.001

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…In tuberculosis-endemic regions, mycobacterial infections are the most frequent cause whereas reactive lymphadenopathy is more common in non-endemic regions [ 3 ]. Reactive HIV adenopathy—or persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL)—is the result of a series of nodal histologic changes that the virus induces, characterized by concurrent reactive follicular hyperplasia and lysis early on with subsequent follicular regression and finally lymphocyte depletion [ 4 ]. PGL is seen in up to 50–70 % of HIV patients [ 5 ].…”

Section: Infectious Etiologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of [18F]FDG-PET/CT Findings in Benign Lymph Node Pathology

2021

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Diffuse lymphadenopathy has a long differential diagnosis that includes both malignant and benign causes. As part of the lymphadenopathy work-up, many patients undergo [18F]FDG-PET/CT for purposes of ruling out malignancy. FDG-avid lymph nodes, however, are not specific for malignancy. This review will illustrate the spectrum of nodal findings on FDG-PET/CT with correlation to other cross-sectional imaging and clinical history in patients with representative infectious, inflammatory, and benign lymphoproliferative disorders. These findings are important for the nuclear medicine radiologist to understand, as they can represent common pitfalls in the work-up of lymphadenopathy. While FDG-PET/CT may be limited in ascertaining a definitive diagnosis in a disease process as the cause of lymphadenopathy, it can help to narrow this differential and rule out certain diseases in the correct clinical context.

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Section: Infectious Etiologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of [18F]FDG-PET/CT Findings in Benign Lymph Node Pathology

2021

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Typical Morphologic Patterns of Infectious and Other Reactive Lymphadenopathies

Vergara‐Lluri

She

2020

Practical Lymph Node and Bone Marrow Pathology

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HIV, measles, and syphilis: histopathologic characteristics of lymphatic system involvement of three reemerging infectious diseases

Auerbach,

Schmieg,

Klassen

et al. 2024

Histopathology

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The resurgence of measles, syphilis, and HIV presents a significant threat to global health, especially in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. These three infections involve lymph nodes and have unique pathologic findings in lymph nodes. We explore the pathological and clinical characteristics of these infections, focusing on their involvement of lymph nodes and their pathologic diagnosis in lymph node specimens. For HIV, lymph nodes are sites of viral replication and reservoirs, and the disease demonstrates multiple patterns within lymph nodes. The recent increase in measles, due in part to declining vaccination rates, signals the need for pathologists to be able to identify the characteristic Warthin–Finkeldey cells present in lymph node specimens. Syphilis, a reemerging sexually transmitted infection, often presents with lymphadenopathy and can mimic other conditions, complicating clinical diagnosis. By revisiting well‐established findings and presenting new insights into the histopathological changes within lymphoid tissues, this review provides essential knowledge for pathologists and clinicians to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

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Lymphadenopathies in human immunodeficiency virus infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Spectrum of [18F]FDG-PET/CT Findings in Benign Lymph Node Pathology

Spectrum of [18F]FDG-PET/CT Findings in Benign Lymph Node Pathology

Typical Morphologic Patterns of Infectious and Other Reactive Lymphadenopathies

HIV, measles, and syphilis: histopathologic characteristics of lymphatic system involvement of three reemerging infectious diseases

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