Lymphangioma of the Palatine Tonsil

Abstract

Lymphangioma of the palatine tonsil is a rare, benign lesion that presents as a tonsillar outgrowth and causes symptoms related to irritation and airway obstruction. Histologically, the mass has abundant dilated lymphatic channels amid a fibrous stroma with lymphoid and adipose elements. There are several theories regarding the pathogenesis of these lesions, and the appropriate diagnostic classification is controversial. Because a lymphangioma may resemble a true neoplasm of the palatine tonsil clinically, the lesion must be removed for accurate histologic diagnosis and to rule out malignancy. Lymphangioma of the palatine tonsil is treated with surgical excision and has no recurrence once completely resected.

Primary Lymphangioma of the Palatine Tonsil in a 9-Year-Old Boy: A Case Presentation and Literature Review

“…Finally, there is another pathogenetic theory, which suggests that chronic inflammation of the tonsil and the associated obstruction of the lymphatic channels cause mucosal congestion and subsequently polypoidal swelling [5]. However, this last theory is considerably unlikely because chronic tonsillitis is much more common than the lymphangiomatous tonsillar polyps, and because there are many patients, like our case, who do not have a history of recurrent tonsillitis [12, 16]. …”

Parapharyngeal abscess secondary to lymphovenous malformation

“…Lymphangiomata are benign low-flow lymphovascular malformations that typically present in the first two decades of life and seldom present in adulthood. Around 90 per cent occur in the head and neck region 2 . They are classified into three morphological types: (1) capillary lymphangioma, comprising thin-walled lymphatic spaces found predominantly under the superficial soft tissues; (2) cavernous lymphangioma, typically consisting of dilated lymphatic tissues found deeper within subcutaneous tissues; and (3) cystic hygroma, characterised by large, dilated cystic lymphatic spaces.…”

“…These sub-classifications are thought to occur on a spectrum and demonstrate interchangeable features. Sometimes, more than one type can be found within the same lesion 2 …”

“…Prior to 2013, only 32 cases of lymphangiomata had been described as occurring within the palatine tonsil 2 . Although predominantly asymptomatic, recurrent sore throats, foreign body sensations and dysphagia have been reported 6 .…”

“…Lymphangiomata are benign lymphovenous malformations that can be primary or secondary in origin. They are most common in the head and neck region, but are only rarely reported to affect the palatine tonsil 2 …”