Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog presenting with massive head and neck swelling

Fossum, Theresa W.; Miller, Matthew W.; Mackie, J T

doi:10.5326/15473317-34-4-301

Cited by 17 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Lymphangiosarcoma appears in most species to arise most commonly in anatomical regions having been lymphoedematous, whether of primary or secondary origin, and especially in humans, this is often of long duration 5 . This suggests that lingering protein-rich interstitial fluid and/or chronic physical pressure on lymphatic endothelium may be stimuli for neoplastic transformation 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lymphangiosarcoma is an extremely rare, generally aggressive malignant tumour which has been reported in humans 3,5,19,26 , only 16 dogs 1,4,8,9,[14][15][16][17][18]20,22,24,27,29 , a similar number of cats 19,11,12,25,28 , 2 horses 13,23 , and a cow 21 . Lymphangiosarcoma in dogs, with comparison with that in humans, is reviewed in a companion article 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymphangiosarcoma in a 3.5-year-old Bullmastiff bitch with vaginal prolapse, primary lymph node fibrosis and other congenital defects : clinical communication

Williams¹,

Birrell²,

Wilpe³

2005

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Lymphangiosarcoma is an extremely rare tumour in dogs with only 16 cases reported in the literature. Lymphoedema, whichmaybe primary due to defects in the lymphatic system, or secondary to various other pathologies, often precedes malignancy. Of the 16 canine reports, only 1 dog was confirmed as having had prior primary lymphoedema due to aplasia of the popliteal lymph nodes. A case of lymphangiosarcoma is described in a 3.5-year-old purebred, Bullmastiff bitch which presented with vaginal blood 'spotting' for 3 weeks after cessation of oestrus, during which intromission by the male had been unsuccessful. During ovariohysterectomy a large multicystic, proliferative, spongy, fluid-filled, brownish-red mass surrounding the cervix and projecting into the abdominal space was removed with the cervix, and a diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma made on histological and electron microscopic examination of the tissue. Ultrastructurally, no basement membrane or pericytes were found, only some of the neoplastic endothelial cells were linked by tight junctions while there were gaps between others, and neither micropinocytotic vesicles nor Weibel-Palade bodies occurred in the cells examined.Very few of the endothelial cells lining the many interlinking, tortuous maze of channels, stained slightly positive immunohistochemically for factor VIII-related antigen. The channels were filled mostly with serous fluid, and occasionally mixed leucocytes and some erythrocytes. The endothelium was often associated with underlying blocks of collagenous material, as well as looselyarranged aggregates of lymphocytes, other mononuclear cells and occasional neutrophils in the connective tissue septae and more prominently perivascularly. The bitch was discharged on antibiotic treatment but returned 2 weeks later with apparent prolapsed vagina which failed to reduce over the next week. Laparotomy revealed the tumour to have spread extensively in the caudal abdomen to involve the broad ligament and the ventral rectal serosa, and the 'prolapsed' tissue was found to be expanded vaginal wall. The bitch was euthanased and necropsied, Histological examination confirmed lymphangiosarcomatous invasion of the submucosal and muscular layers of the retroperitoneal, traumatised, prolapsed part of the vagina, the urethra and the ventral rectal wall. The broad ligament was diffusely invaded with tumour which had proliferated into the caudal abdominal space, and 3 small intra-trabecular foci of tumour were found in the right popliteal lymph node near the hilus. Mitotic figures were generally scarce. There was mild subcutaneous oedema of the ventral trunk extending from the axillae to the inner proximal thighs, which had not been evident clinically, and the lymph nodes (peripheral more so than internal) microscopically showed marked trabecular and perivascular fibrosis especially in hilar regions. Other congenital defects were hepatic capsular and central venous fibrosis with lymphatic duplication and dilatation in all areas of connective tissue, ventrally-incongruou...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphangiosarcoma in a 3.5-year-old Bullmastiff bitch with vaginal prolapse, primary lymph node fibrosis and other congenital defects : clinical communication

Williams¹,

Birrell²,

Wilpe³

2005

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…Both neoplasms arise from endothelial cells and form channels or vessels. A diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma is based on histomorphologic features of an absence of erythrocytes within vascular channels lined by a single layer of abnormal endothelial cells supported by a fibrovascular stroma, a discontinuous or absent basement membrane, and often a lymphocytic stromal infiltrate . Once lymphatic origin has been established, the degree of cellular pleomorphism and mitotic activity is used to discriminate between benign vs. malignant behavior and diagnose lymphangioma or lymphangiosarcoma, respectively …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lymphangiosarcomas originate from endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels and, although relatively rare, this tumor has been reported in numerous dogs and cats, with no primary ocular cases reported in these species . A single case of lymphangiosarcoma affecting the ocular tissues has been reported in a cow .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presumed primary ocular lymphangiosarcoma with metastasis in a miniature horse

Gerding

Gilger

Montgomery

et al. 2015

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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A 7-year-old, 153.0-kg American Miniature mare presented for evaluation of keratoconjunctivitis of the right eye (OD). A superior palpebral conjunctival mass and stromal keratitis were diagnosed. The incisional biopsy diagnosis was a presumptive corneal hemangiosarcoma. Transpalpebral enucleation was performed, and histopathologic evaluation confirmed angiosarcoma of the conjunctiva, cornea, and extraocular muscles. The horse developed progressive epistaxis and orbital swelling following surgery. A systemic workup was performed 3 months after enucleation, revealing regrowth within the orbit and marked cranial cervical lymphomegaly, suggestive of metastasis. Humane euthanasia was performed, and necropsy confirmed a locally invasive periorbital tumor with metastasis to the submandibular tissue, submandibular lymph node, and thoracic inlet. Histopathologic evaluation of necropsy specimens revealed polygonal to spindle neoplastic cells lining neoplastic vascular channels lacking erythrocytes. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells labeled strongly positive for PROX-1, vimentin, CD-31, VEGF, weakly positive for factor VIII-related antigen, and negative for collagen IV. Based on the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features of this tumor, a primary ocular lymphangiosarcoma with metastasis was diagnosed.

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“…Mediastinal and visceral lymphatic trunk lymphangiosarcomas have been described in horses, 2 dogs 3 and cats 4 and a pulmonary localization has been documented in a dog 5 . The subcutaneous compartment is another frequent site of occurrence of the tumour 6–13 . The skin and subcutis of the caudal abdomen appear to be the commonest site for lymphangiosarcomas in the cat and this tumour has thus been called ‘abdominal angiosarcoma’ in this species 14–18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline lymphangiosarcoma – definitive identification using a lymphatic vascular marker

Galeotti

Barzagli

Vercelli

et al. 2004

Veterinary Dermatology

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Three cases of feline exudative dermatitis associated with lymphangiosarcoma are described. The animals, an 11-year-old, neutered male and two 10-year-old, neutered female short hair European cats, presented with a 2-month history of transparent liquid oozing from the skin of the groin and caudal abdomen. On physical examination the neutered male cat and one of the females were slightly depressed and showed loss of weight. Skin lesions were similar in all cats and characterized by the presence of alopecia and moist dermatitis in the ventral abdomen, groin and inner thigh. The hair at the periphery appeared matted by the fluid. In all three cases, histopathological examination of skin biopsies from the abdomen identified poorly defined neoplasia involving dermis and subcutis, characterized by proliferation of spindle cells aligned along pre-existing collagen bundles. The dissection of collagen bundles gave rise to irregular shaped anastomosing, often blind-ending vascular channels and trabeculae. Vascular spaces were mostly optically empty. These histological features were strongly suggestive of lymphangiosarcoma. Neoplastic cells were positive for the blood vascular marker Von Willebrand factor, and a lymphatic vascular marker LYVE-1 (Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial receptor - 1), demonstrating the mixed vascular origin of the tumour. Ultrastructural findings confirmed the final diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma.

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Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog presenting with massive head and neck swelling

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Lymphangiosarcoma in a 3.5-year-old Bullmastiff bitch with vaginal prolapse, primary lymph node fibrosis and other congenital defects : clinical communication

Lymphangiosarcoma in a 3.5-year-old Bullmastiff bitch with vaginal prolapse, primary lymph node fibrosis and other congenital defects : clinical communication

Presumed primary ocular lymphangiosarcoma with metastasis in a miniature horse

Feline lymphangiosarcoma – definitive identification using a lymphatic vascular marker

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