Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in gastric cancer

Imaging in assessing lymph node status in gastric cancer

“…A disadvantage of laparoscopic SN biopsy, however, is its invasiveness. Although studies on laparoscopic SN biopsy have shown its potential [76][77][78][79], various technical and material limitations still have to be overcome. Also, the reliability of laparoscopic SN biopsy has yet to be determined by multicenter prospective clinical trials [80].…”

The accuracy of sentinel node mapping according to T stage in patients with gastric cancer

“…SLN mapping in patients with gastric cancer has been practiced for the past 10 years [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Several techniques for the administration of dye or radioactive tracer injection have been reported: (a) preoperative endoscopic injection of dye or radioactive tracer followed by intraoperative mapping [7,[13][14][15]; (b) intraoperative endoscopic injection [12,[16][17][18]; and (c) intraoperative subserosal injection of dye [11,[19][20][21].…”

“…Since then, sentinel node biopsy has been used in the management of a variety of cancers in the hope that it will eliminate many unnecessary lymph node dissections, resulting in less morbidity. Today, SLN mapping is recognized as a multidisciplinary surgical approach to the management of patients with cutaneous melanoma and breast cancer [3][4][5][6], but it is also being evaluated and used in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies, especially gastric cancer [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The regional lymph node status is crucial for staging and estimating the prognosis of the individual patient with gastric cancer resected for cure [13].…”

Sentinel lymph node biopsy to direct treatment in gastric cancer. A systematic review of the literature

“…In nine out of 17 an endoscope was used in to inject the dye in the submucosal layer (10)(11)(12)15,18,20,22,23,26), while 8/17 injected the detection substance peritumorally in the subserosal layer during laparotomy. (7,9,13,14,19,23,24) In one study the detection effect of indocyanine green was enhanced by using infrared ray electronic endoscopy (IREE). (18) Another study using dye detection investigated the difference between the submucosal and subserosal techniques (23), three others used the submucosal dye application in combination with a radiocolloid.…”

“…The selection and analysis of studies has been performed independently by three investigators (DJL, HWS, RLAL, AED). Studies available for analysis (ref (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)) were subjected to a quality control using the QUADAS tool. (27) Quality was considered to be good for two studies, moderate for 12 studies and poor for four studies.…”