Lymphocytes apoptosis: young versus aged and humans versus rats

Pagliara, Patrizia; Chionna, Alfonsina; Panzarini, Elisa; Luca, A De; Caforio, S.; Serra, Gregorio; Abbro, Luigi; Dini, Luciana

doi:10.1016/s0040-8166(02)00100-3

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the in vitro model of apoptosis, for each timed observation apoptotic cells were at many different stages of the program. Depending on a cell's morphological appearance, apoptosis has been subdivided into at least three major classes, defining the chronological sequence of modifications (Leist and Nicotera, 1997;Pagliara et al, 2003). In the first class, early apoptosis, morphological modifications are few in number, although biochemical changes corresponding to the execution phase of the apoptotic program are proceeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apoptotic cells acquire, in a stepwise manner, different morphologies that are the phenotypic of the biochemical changes and perturbations in cellular metabolism that occur upon interaction with apoptosis-causing drugs. In fact, the progression of apoptosis has been divided biochemically and morphologically into three phases (Leist and Nicotera, 1997;Pagliara et al, 2003). In the initial or first phase the cell receives a triggering stimulus for apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural study of apoptotic U7 cells treated with different pro‐apoptotic substances

Abbro¹,

Lanubile²,

Dini³

2004

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Human monocytic leukemia U937 cells readily undergo apoptosis when exposed to various stimuli, including inhibition of protein synthesis, oxidative stress, antitumoral agents, etc. The sequential, step-by-step morphological changes in U937 cells that occur during the apoptotic program are largely determined by the activation of a specific class of proteases, the caspases. The action of these proteases were followed at the ultrastructural level. From our observations 1) no unique morphological feature exists during apoptosis, even in the same cell type; 2) the extent of the morphological modifications are inducer- and dose-dependent; 3) double or triple treatments amplify the morphological modifications with a single inducer, but not the rate of apoptosis; and 4) in the case of double treatment the second inducer has to have a cytoplasmatic target because damage to the cytoplasm occurs before nuclear modifications become visible. These data should facilitate a more objective evaluation of apoptosis in conditions where antiproliferative drugs, like antiblastic or immunosuppressive molecules, are used to monitor the efficiency of treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural study of apoptotic U7 cells treated with different pro‐apoptotic substances

Abbro¹,

Lanubile²,

Dini³

2004

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…It is important to remember that comparison of apoptotic morphologies must be made taking into account the progression into the apoptotic program. In -b, d-e, g-i, 6400x; c, f, 3800x. fact, three major classes, defining the chronological sequence of the modifications (Leist & Nicotera, 1997;Kanduc et al, 2002;Pagliara et al, 2003) in the different steps of the program can be observed. Mature apoptosis corresponds to cells that are executing the apoptotic program by activating the proper caspases that dismantle the cell structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mature apoptosis corresponds to cells that are executing the apoptotic program by activating the proper caspases that dismantle the cell structures. The first type (or early apoptosis) and the third type (or late/necrotic apoptosis) correspond, respectively, to the induction/early execution phase and to secondary necrosis (Pagliara et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of cytoskeleton drugs during induction of apoptosis in U937 cells

Abbro¹,

Dini²

2004

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The effect of administration of cytoskeleton drugs, i.e. cytochalasin B, colchicines and taxol, during the induction of apoptosis in U937 cells by means of oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 ), heat shock and inhibition of protein synthesis (puromycin) was investigated. The ultrastructure of each of the "mature" apoptotic morphologies was compared at the transmission electron microscope. Changes in the morphology of apoptotic U937 cells were found to be inducer-dependent and appeared to be influenced by the presence of cytoskeletal drugs. However cytoskeleton integrity was found to be a dispensable factor for the onset of apoptosis, while it was an essential one for apoptotic morphology maturation, i.e. for the formation of blebs and apoptotic bodies and for nucleus fragmentation.KEY WORDS: Cytocalsin B -Taxol -Colchicines -Puromycin Morphology of apoptosis.

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“…It was also reported that the quality (i.e. early, mature or late apoptosis) of apoptotic cells can determine the efficiency of clearance of apoptotic cells in the liver [152,222]. A hierarchy of the expression of specific epitopes on the cell surface of apoptotic lymphocytes has been reported [222], thus leading to widely amplified possibilities of a safe recognition and to modulation in the rate of recognition and engulfment.…”

Section: Phagocytosis Of Apoptotic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytosis of dying cells: influence of smoking and static magnetic fields

Dini

2010

Apoptosis

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It is becoming evident that failure in the removal of dying cells causes and/or promotes the onset of chronic diseases. Impairment of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells can be due not only to genetic or molecular malfunctioning but also to external/environmental factors. Two of these environmental factors have been recently reported to down regulate the clearance of apoptotic cells: cigarette smoke and static magnetic fields. Cigarette smoke contains highly reactive carbonyls that modify proteins which directly/indirectly affects cellular function. Human macrophages interacting with carbonyl or cigarette smoke modified extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins dramatically down regulated their ability to phagocytose apoptotic neutrophils. It was postulated that changes in the ECM environment as a result of cigarette smoke affect the ability of macrophages to remove apoptotic cells. This decreased phagocytic activity was as a result of sequestration of receptors involved in the uptake of apoptotic cells towards that of recognition of carbonyl adducts on the modified ECM proteins leading to increased macrophage adhesion. Downregulation of the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells was also described when performed in presence of static magnetic fields (SMFs) of moderate intensity. SMFs have been reported to perturb distribution of membrane proteins and glycoproteins, receptors, cytoskeleton and trans-membrane fluxes of different ions, especially calcium [Ca(2+)]i, that in turn, interfere with many different physiological activities, including phagocytosis. The effects of cigarette smoke and SMF on the phagocytosis of dying cells will be here discussed.

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Lymphocytes apoptosis: young versus aged and humans versus rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Ultrastructural study of apoptotic U7 cells treated with different pro‐apoptotic substances

Ultrastructural study of apoptotic U7 cells treated with different pro‐apoptotic substances

Administration of cytoskeleton drugs during induction of apoptosis in U937 cells

Phagocytosis of dying cells: influence of smoking and static magnetic fields

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