Lymphocytes Prediction of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Beta-cells Function (HOMA-B) and C-peptide Level during Pregnancy: New Insight into Beta-cells Proliferation and Insulin Sensitivity

Abstract

This work aims to detect the associations of C-peptide and the homeostasis model assessment of beta-cells function (HOMA2-B%) with inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant-women in comparison with non-pregnant women. Sera of 28 normal pregnant women at late pregnancy versus 27 matched age nonpregnant women (control), were used to estimate C-peptide, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxin (T4) by Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fasting blood sugar (FBS) by automatic analyzer Biolis 24i, hematology-tests by hematology analyzer and the calculation of HOMA2-B% and homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S%) by using C-peptide values instead of insulin. The comparisons, correlations, regression analysis tests were performed by the software of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). In pregnant women group, HOMA2-B%, T3, T4, white blood cell (WBC), MID cells, granulocytes (GRAN) increased significantly (p-values˂0.05), while C-peptide level raised about 11% compared to control. Lymphocytes, red blood cells (RBC), platelets (PLT) and hemoglobin (HGB) decreased significantly (p-values˂0.05). Lymphocytes predicted both HOMA2-B% and C-peptide level during pregnancy (R2 =0.516, p ˂0.0004; R2=0.31, p ˂0.009 respectively). Prediction of HOMA2-B% and Cpeptide levels by lymphocytes account clarifies that the adaptation in beta-cells might be a part of the defense system mechanism of the body against oxidative stress, and this highlights new insight on the proliferation of beta-cells during pregnancy and insulin sensitivity.

Association between Fluoride Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Pregnancy Complications in Women Living in Fluorosis Areas

“…Previous studies reported that chronic excessive fluoride intake is associated with several pregnancy complications 18,19 . On the other hand, it was reported that pregnancy showed behavioral, anatomical, physiological, and metabolic changes leading to dramatic variations in the concentration of several biochemical constituents of blood such as the antioxidant system, and certain minerals, mainly calcium 1,2,20 . These normal physiological changes are important for normal embryonic, placental, and fetal development 21 .…”

“…Pregnancy is a physiological period of transition with important physical and hormonal changes 1 . During pregnancy, significant anatomical and physiological changes occur in order to support and accommodate the growing fetus 2 . These changes require increased production of ATP, which in turn requires high consumption of oxygen.…”