Lymphoid differentiation and organization of the spleen in the lizard,Calotes versicolor

The present study is concerned with the ultrastructure of the spleen in the natterjack, Bufo calamita (Anura, Bufonidae), with special emphasis on the structure and function of the non-lymphoid elements occurring in the red and white pulp. The organ consists of two clearly distinguishable areas, the white and the red pulp, separated by a prominent marginal zone. Thus, the pattern of lymphocytic arrangement in the spleen of Bufo calamita corresponds to a follicular model and is similar to that reported in the primitive anurans of the Pipidae family, such as Xenopus laevis. The white pulp presents a reticular network consisting of two different cell types and free cells, such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. The red pulp is formed by cell cords, where reticular cells and fibers, macrophages and lymphocytes occur, and blood sinuses which sometimes contain developing erythroid elements. Colloidal carbon particles injected via the lymph sac are trapped exclusively by free macrophages in the red pulp which then move through the marginal zone to the white pulp. Giant, ramified, non-phagocytic cells appear in both white and red pulp. They have been functionally related with the trapping of antigen-antibody complexes on their surface, and a possible dendritic significance is discussed on the basis of their morphologic characteristics.

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Non‐lymphoid cells of the anuran spleen: An ultrastructural study in the natterjack, Bufo calamita

Barrutia

Leceta

Fonfría

et al. 1983

Am. J. Anat.

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Architecture of the Blood‐Spleen Barrier in the Soft‐Shelled Turtle, Pelodiseus Sinensis

Bao

Wang

et al. 2009

The Anatomical Record

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We investigated the structure of the soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiseus sinensi, spleen and demonstrated that there were several microanatomical peculiarities by light and transmission electron microscopy. In the spleen, the white pulp of the spleen was composed of two compartments, the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS) and periellipsoidal lymphatic sheath (PELS). No lymph nodules and marginal zones were found. The spleen-blood barrier stood in the PELS and the ellipsoid. The high endothelial lining of penicilliform capillary contained small channels. These channels allowed circulating substances or lymphocytes to enter the ellipsoid. The distal portion of the penicilliform capillaries directly opened to pulp cords. The ellipsoid-associated cell (EAC) was located at the surface of the ellipsoid. Reticular fibers were mainly distributed in ellipsoid and the outer PELS. Both reticular cells and macrophages were distributed in the outer layers of PELS. S-100 protein positive dendritic cells were mainly distributed in out cells layer of the PELS and all over the PALS. Forty minutes after injection, carbon particles of Indian ink were mainly observed in the ellipsoid. Few carbon particles were observed in the outer PELS and fewer carbon particles in the red pulp. These findings suggested that a blood-spleen barrier indeed existed in the soft-turtle, P. sinensi, and it was a complex composed of an ellipsoid (including supporting cells, EAC, and reticular fibers) and the outer compartments of PELS (including dendritic cells, reticular fibers and cells, macrophages).

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Thymus‐dependent lymphoid regions in the spleen of the lizard, Calotes versicolor

Pitchappan

Muthukkaruppan

1977

J. Exp. Zool.

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This paper describes the distribution of thymus-derived lymphocytes in the spleen of the lizard, Calotes versicolor. Our studies reveal the existence of red and white pulp in the spleen. The red pulp consists of collagenous fibrous septae containing lymphocytes, erythrocytes and sinuses. The white pulp is an area enclosed by fibrous septae, containing lymphocytes, reticular cells and arterioles. The region around the arteriole in the white pulp was depleted of lymphocytes either one month after adult thymectomy or after anti-thymocyte serum treatment. The repopulation of this region was observed in sham-thymectomized controls, but not in thymectomized lizards. Therefore, this peri-arteriolar region may be designated as a thymus-dependent area, as described previously in higher vertebrates. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the phylogeny of the immune system.

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Lymphoid differentiation and organization of the spleen in the lizard,Calotes versicolor

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Non‐lymphoid cells of the anuran spleen: An ultrastructural study in the natterjack, Bufo calamita

Non‐lymphoid cells of the anuran spleen: An ultrastructural study in the natterjack, Bufo calamita

Architecture of the Blood‐Spleen Barrier in the Soft‐Shelled Turtle, Pelodiseus Sinensis

Thymus‐dependent lymphoid regions in the spleen of the lizard, Calotes versicolor

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