Lysine and Tryptophan Content of Proteins and Their Utilization for Human Growth

Albanese, Anthony A.; Higgons, Reginald A.; Hyde, Gertrude M.; Orto, Louise

doi:10.1093/ajcn/4.2.161

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Early studies by Albanese and his associates found LMH supplementation to improve appetite and growth rate in "poorly thriving" infants who failed to make normal gains on formulas based on evaporated cow's milk [100,101]. These findings were confirmed by Vignec and Gasparik in a more intensive investigation carried out over a year's time [102].…”

Section: Lysine Pharmacology and Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Evaluation in normally growing infants of a variety of protein products in infant formulas showed a linear increase in mean rate of N gain as the Uf ratio increased from 2 to the 6-7 level [101]. However, the Uf ratio concept does not explain the difference in growth rate between normal and poorly thriving but healthy infants when receiving the same diet.…”

Section: Journal Of the American College Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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The metabolic roles, pharmacology, and toxicology of lysine.

Flodin

1997

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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L-lysine monohydrochloride (LMH) is widely available to the public as a nonprescription oral supplement. Most of the pharmaceutical-grade product is used as a suppressant of recurrent herpes simplex infections. Recent publications indicate the possibility of other therapeutic uses, e.g., in cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. These and other potential applications are surveyed and evaluated in this review with suggestions for further study. Data on toxicity are reviewed and recommendations made regarding safety of chronic dosage levels.

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Section: Lysine Pharmacology and Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Journal Of the American College Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The metabolic roles, pharmacology, and toxicology of lysine.

Flodin

1997

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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“…The Trp Ra of 49.5 ± 3.3 µmol/kg/h is approximately five times lower than the 270 µmol/kg/h Ra reported for lysine . As the appearance rate of an essential amino acid into plasma reflects its abundance in muscle protein, the Trp Ra reported here is congruent with the ≈1/6 ratio of the Trp/lysine abundance ratio in body protein …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous detection of stable isotope‐labeled and unlabeled l‐tryptophan and of its main metabolites, l‐kynurenine, serotonin and quinolinic acid, by gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Sano

Ferchaud‐Roucher²,

Nael³

et al. 2014

J. Mass Spectrom.

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A method for the detection of unlabeled and (15)N2 -labeled L-tryptophan (L-Trp), L-kynurenine (L-Kyn), serotonin (5-HT) and quinolinic acid (QA) in human and rat plasma by GC/MS is described. Labeled and unlabeled versions of these four products were analyzed as their acyl substitution derivatives using pentafluoropropionic anhydride and 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propanol. Products were then separated by GC and analyzed by selected ion monitoring using negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. L-[(13)C11, (15)N2]-Trp, methyl-serotonin and 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid were used as internal standards for this method. The coefficients of variation for inter-assay repeatability were found to be approximately 5.2% for L-Trp and (15)N2-Trp, 17.1% for L-Kyn, 16.9% for 5-HT and 5.8% for QA (n = 2). We used this method to determine isotope enrichments in plasma L-Trp over the course of a continuous, intravenous infusion of L-[(15) N2 ]Trp in pregnant rat in the fasting state. Plasma (15)N2-Trp enrichment reached a plateau at 120 min. The free Trp appearance rate (Ra) into plasma was 49.5 ± 3.35 µmol/kg/h. The GC/MS method was applied to determine the enrichment of (15)N-labeled L-Trp, L-Kyn, 5-HT and QA concurrently with the concentration of non-labeled L-Trp, L-Kyn, 5-HT and QA in plasma. This method may help improve our understanding on L-Trp metabolism in vivo in animals and humans and potentially reveal the relative contribution of the four pathways of L-Trp metabolism.

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“…These investigators have evidence that histidine, which is not essential for the adult, is essential for the growing infant. Albanese (97,98) has found that the requirements of in fants for tryptophan, lysine, methionine, and isoleucine are, respectively, 30, 180 to 210, 85, and 90 mg. per kg. of body weight.…”

Section: Protein and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Albanese (97,105) has published data supporting the position that mal nourished infants consuming a milk diet to which lysine has been added in an amount that will raise the ratio of lysine to tryptophan to 6 (this is the ratio found in muscle and serum) 1 have an advantage in positive nitrogen balance and growth over similar infants who receive no supplement. Other studies do not confirm this position.…”

Section: Protein and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%