Lysis of Tumor Cells by Antibody and Complement. I. Lack of Correlation Between Antigen Content and Lytic Susceptibility

Ohanian, Sarkis H.; Borsos, Tibor; Rapp, Herbert J.

doi:10.1093/jnci/50.5.1313

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…A human cell line maximally expressed HLA antigens during G2 and S, but the ability of Ab and C' to lyse the cells did not correlate with antigen content of the cells (79). Cells of the guinea pig line 10 and line 1 hepatomas have comparable concentrations of Forssman antigen (determined by C1--fixing sites), but the line 1 cells were much more readily lysed in the presence of anti-Forssman antiserum and C' (84). Line 10 cells were readily !ysed by a specific anti-line 10 serum in the presence of C'.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Intratumor Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Intratumor immunologic heterogeneity

Miller

1982

Cancer Metast Rev

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Tumor cells express a great variety of antigens including tumor specific transplantation antigens, tumor-associated antigens, differentiation antigens, histocompatibility antigens, lectin-binding sites and receptors for natural killer cells and natural antibodies. These antigens are distributed unevenly on tumor subpopulations and each subpopulation may induce different immune responses to the same determinant. Intratumor immunologic heterogeneity arises early in cancer, possibly during preneoplasia, and exists throughout the course of progression. Metastatic subpopulations are not generally less antigenic than subpopulations within primary tumors. Different arrays of antigenic determinants are displayed by subpopulations but variability in cell surface expression of a single determinant is also a fundamental type of immunologic heterogeneity. Antigenic specificity patterns commonly reveal one-way cross-reactions between tumor subpopulations. One-way cross-reactions might occur due to quantitative differences, cell-cycle variations, modulation, masking, H-2 expression and restriction phenomena, or alteration in the carbohydrate side-chains of glycoproteins. Interactions which occur when subpopulations co-exist may alter immune responses so that the response to the mixture is not the sum of the responses to the individual subpopulations. It is suggested that the exploitation of the mechanisms involved in immunologic heterogeneity may lead to new therapeutic approaches and that the great diversity of determinants expressed by tumor cells could lead to development of multivalent panel of monoclonal antisera which, acting synergistically, could preferentially lyse tumor cells.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Intratumor Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Intratumor immunologic heterogeneity

Miller

1982

Cancer Metast Rev

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“…injections of 1.5 ml fluid thioglycollate medium (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.) The stimulated cells were withdrawn in sterile PBS after an interval of 4 days, according to the method of Wasley & John (1972 (Ohanian et al, 1973 Three drops of spore suspension in sterile PBS were given by nasal inoculation on each of 4 successive days to mice lightly anaesthetized by ether. Each animal received a total dosage of 5-6 x 105 spores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenic and tumourigenic properties of the spores of Aspergillus clavatus

Blyth¹,

Hardy²

1982

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Spore walls of a sputum-derived isolate of Aspergillus clavatus yielded mutagen(s) when their extracts were fractionally precipitated with ethanol following alkaline hydrolysis. After spores were given by nasal inoculation to 6-8-week-old CF-i mice, light and electron microscopy of lung sections showed that they had been readily phagocytozed by the polymorphonuclear leucocytes and alveolar macrophages mobilized during early allergic alveolitis in immunized mice. The formation of phagosomes was followed in thioglycollate-stimulated peritoneal macrophages grown in vitro. Unimmunised mice showed a comparable lung reaction, attributed to pulmonary mycotoxicosis, and revealed a rising incidence of lung tumours, from 25% at 2 months from inoculation, to 27.3% at 6 and to 55.5o% at 8. Mean numbers of tumours per lung rose from 1-0 to 2-2. Total tumours, including lymphomas, reached a final incidence of 77.7o% at 8 months, when control animals were tumourfree. Tumour development correlated with the retention of apparently intact spores within giant cells probably derived from aggregates of alveolar macrophages. The implications of these findings in the light of the known history of human exposure to such spores is discussed.

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“…(Rapp and Borsos, 1970) were added. The cells were resuspended and incubated for 1 h at 4" C with agitation every 15 min.…”

Section: Antisera To Line I and Line I0 Cells And To Forssman Antigenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor‐specific and forssman antigens of guinea‐pig hepatoma cells: Comparison of tumor cells grown in vivo and in vitro

Evans

Ohanian

Cooney

1975

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Cloned tumor-cell lines were derived from two antigenically distinct ascites variants of diethylnitrosamine-induced guinea-pig hepatomas (designated line 1 and line 10). Cell-surface antigens on the ascites and in vitro-grown tumor cells were analyzed with immunofluorescence, C1 fixation and transfer, and antibody-complement-mediated cytotoxity tests. Tumor-specific and Forssman antigens continued to be expressed during 3-6 months in vitro cultivation. Differences between ascites and cultured cells were noted in the degree of antigen expression and sensitivity to antibody-complement-mediated cytotoxicity. Cells grown in vitro exhibited a greater number of Forssman and tumor-specific antigen sites than in vivo grown cells as determined by the quantitative C1 fixation and transfer test. Immunofluorescent staining indicated that some cloned lines were considerably more homogeneous in terms of antigen expression than were the cultured, non-cloned parent cells or ascites-grown cells. Cloned lines were frequently more sensitive to the cytotoxic action of antibody and complement than were the in vivo grown and cultured non-cloned parent tumor cells. Sensitivity to cytotoxicity did not necessarily correlate, however, with the degree of antigen expression. These results suggest that; (1) the expression of Forssman and tumor-specific antigens does not diminish on cells cultivated in vitro and (2) ascites hepatoma cells in vivo are a heterogeneous population of cells differing in their degree of antigen expression and sensitivity to antibody-complement-mediated cytotoxicity.

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Lysis of Tumor Cells by Antibody and Complement. I. Lack of Correlation Between Antigen Content and Lytic Susceptibility

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Intratumor immunologic heterogeneity

Intratumor immunologic heterogeneity

Mutagenic and tumourigenic properties of the spores of Aspergillus clavatus

Tumor‐specific and forssman antigens of guinea‐pig hepatoma cells: Comparison of tumor cells grown in vivo and in vitro

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