Lysosomes of Cancerous and Normal cells in Response to Low-energy/low-dose Medical Diagnostic X-rays

Abstract

Background: Low-energy/low-dose ionizing radiation is increasingly being used in medical diagnosis, yet the effects of low-energy/low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays on biological systems remains a mystery. Thus, the aim of this present study is to determine the characteristics of lysosomes of cancerous and normal cells in response to low-energy/low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays.
 Methods and materials: Three cell lines composed of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), adriamycin-sensitive erythroleukemia cells (K562), and adriamycin-resistant erythroleukemia cells (K562/adr), were all exposed to low-energy/low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays that operated at 50, 70, and 100 kV, and 100 mAs for obtaining radiation doses at 0.03, 0.07, and 0.10 mGy, respectively. Accumulation of acridine orange in the lysosomes of each cell line was determined using flow cytometry completed at 4 and 6 hours-post irradiation.
 Results: The data showed an increase in fluorescence intensity of acridine orange in three irradiated cells line at 4 hours post-irradiation, but this intensity did not change at 6 hours post-irradiation when compared to that of corresponding non-irradiated cells.
 Conclusion: This finding suggests that changes in lysosomes might be a response to low-energy/low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays.
 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.830-834

Safety evaluation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in naive rats:a chronic toxicitystudy

“…Whereas, Tungjai used PBMC as a normal cell model to determine intracellular organelles characteristic such as lysosomes in response to low-dose medical diagnostic X-rays 24 . Although PBMC has been widely used as a diagnostic tool, it is predicted that these cells may provide additional benefits to cure diseases, especially in tissue engineering therapy.…”

Effects of Medical Diagnostic X-rays Delivered at 0.01 or 0.05 mGy on Human Blood Cells

“…Thus, our in vitro data using these three biological endpoints suggests that the medical diagnostic low-dose X-rays do not induce any detrimental effects on human PBMCs.This is consistent with our previous studies that showed no changes the mitochondrial membrane potential, number of apoptotic cells, or cell cycle in lymphocytes exposed to radiation at 0.03, 0.05, or 0.1 mGy of (70 kV) medical diagnostic X-rays when compared to the corresponding nonirradiated cells at all collecting timepoints 31 . However, lowdose medical diagnostic X-rays might affect to the function of lysosome of cancer cells 34 .…”

“…Lysosomal function was studied by altering the accumulation of acridine orange (AO) in lysosomes. The staining method was modified from a previously published work 33,34 . Briefly, 10 6 cells were suspended in 2 mL PBS buffer, pH 7.25 at 37°C in the presence of 1µM AO for 5 minutes in the dark.…”