Lysozyme Concentrations in Synovial Fluid, Pleural Fluid and Thoracic Duct Lymph in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Lysozyme (LZM) concentrations in synovial fluid were determined in patients with seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in patients whose arthritic exudates had been caused by Reiter's disease, a Yersinia enterocolitica infection, osteoarthritis, or trauma. Patients with rheumatoid disease had significantly higher levels of lysozyme in synovial fluid than patients with non-rheumatic diseases. The concentration of lysozyme correlated with the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in synovial fluid in seronegative--but not in seropositive--rheumatoid arthritis. In patients with rheumatic arthritis the lysozyme level correlated inversely with the concentration of glucose in synovial fluid. In patients with rheumatoid pleural effusion, lysozyme levels in pleural fluid were comparable to those in serum. The concentration of LZM in thoracic duct lymph was roughly the same as in serum. During drainage of thoracic duct lymph, the lysozyme level in serum decreased.

Choice of Protein, Not Its Amyloid-Fold, Determines the Success of Amyloid-Based Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Regeneration

“…Future tissue engineering strategies for cartilage repair are aimed for instructive scaffolds that provide a mechanically stable environment, are preferably cell-free and allow for cell migration into the scaffold, and maintain cell viability and promote cartilage-specific matrix production in vitro. ,, Our labs have extensive experience in generation of synthetic injectable hydrogels for cartilage repair ,,− that are now in clinical trials . While LZ, βLG, and αS may not be directly used as amyloid fold networks for tissue regeneration due to their role in bacteriolysis and/or systemic amyloidosis , and Parkinson’s disease, exploratory studies such as ours aid in isolating the relevant properties for the design of a scaffold and can assist with selecting suitable proteins in future studies.…”

“… 7 , 69 , 70 Our labs have extensive experience in generation of synthetic injectable hydrogels for cartilage repair 7 , 69 , 71 − 73 that are now in clinical trials. 74 While LZ, βLG, and αS may not be directly used as amyloid fold networks for tissue regeneration due to their role in bacteriolysis and/or systemic amyloidosis 33 , 36 and Parkinson’s disease, 75 exploratory studies such as ours aid in isolating the relevant properties for the design of a scaffold and can assist with selecting suitable proteins in future studies.…”

“…To test this hypothesis for cartilage tissue regeneration, we selected βLG, LZ, and αS as amyloid forming proteins. LZ is native to the joint, 33 αS to the body, and βLG is non-native. βLG 28 and LZ 29 have been successfully studied as scaffold material.…”

TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Synovial Fluid-Derived Exosomes in Inflammatory Arthritis

“…Bennett ( 19 ) compared the lysozyme levels of SF in patients with traumatic effusions, OA, RA, pseudogout, septic arthritis, and gout, and the results showed that elevated lysozyme levels were found in all the IA. Klockars ( 20 ) indicated that patients with rheumatoid disease had significantly higher levels of lysozyme in synovial fluid than patients with non-rheumatic diseases. It is consistent with our study.…”