Lyssavirus distribution in naturally infected bats from Germany

Schatz, Juliane; Teifke, Jens Peter; Mettenleiter, Thomas C.; Aue, Angelika; Stiefel, D.; Müller, Thomas; Freuling, Conrad Martin

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.12.004

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, paraffin embedded brain samples of selected animals (see above, Table 1) were subject to histochemical analysis as described before [42, 43]. Briefly, after fixation in 4% PFA and embedding in paraffin wax (FFPE), samples were cut in 3μm thick paramedian sections and dewaxed, followed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using an anti-nucleoprotein (N) polyclonal rabbit serum N161-5 [37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of European bat lyssavirus 1 pathogenicity in the mouse model

et al. 2017

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European bat lyssavirus 1 is responsible for most bat rabies cases in Europe. Although EBLV-1 isolates display a high degree of sequence identity, different sublineages exist. In individual isolates various insertions and deletions have been identified, with unknown impact on viral replication and pathogenicity. In order to assess whether different genetic features of EBLV-1 isolates correlate with phenotypic changes, different EBLV-1 variants were compared for pathogenicity in the mouse model. Groups of three mice were infected intracranially (i.c.) with 102 TCID50/ml and groups of six mice were infected intramuscularly (i.m.) with 105 TCID50/ml and 102 TCID50/ml as well as intranasally (i.n.) with 102 TCID50/ml. Significant differences in survival following i.m. inoculation with low doses as well as i.n. inoculation were observed. Also, striking variations in incubation periods following i.c. inoculation and i.m. inoculation with high doses were seen. Hereby, the clinical picture differed between general symptoms, spasms and aggressiveness depending on the inoculation route. Immunohistochemistry of mouse brains showed that the virus distribution in the brain depended on the inoculation route. In conclusion, different EBLV-1 isolates differ in pathogenicity indicating variation which is not reflected in studies of single isolates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of European bat lyssavirus 1 pathogenicity in the mouse model

et al. 2017

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“…In one study of bats infected with Australian bat lyssavirus, the highest frequency and severity of microscopic lesions was detected in the hippocampus, thalamus and midbrain, and medulla oblongata and pons (Hooper et al, 1999). Lyssaviral antigen has been detected in bats in the central and peripheral nervous system as well as in other tissues; reported affected sites include brainstem, cerebellar Purkinje cells, hippocampus, cerebrum, thalamus and midbrain, peripheral autonomic ganglia, nerve plexuses of the gastrointestinal tract, intramuscular nervous tissue, adrenal medulla, salivary gland, tongue, brown fat, lung, heart, kidney, bladder, stomach, intestine, and feces (Allendorf et al, 2012;Davis et al, 2013;de Araújo et al, 2014;Hooper et al, 1999;Schatz et al, 2014;Stein et al, 2010).…”

Section: Rna Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiroptera

Farina

Lankton

2018

Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals

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FIGURE 25.2 Normal patagium, Pteropus vampyrus. The patagium consists of two thin layers of epidermis separated by collagen, vessels, and bundles of elastic fibers. FIGURE 25.1 FIGURE 25.4 Normal brain, Pteropus hypomelanus. The brain is largely lissencephalic, with rare shallow sulci. (Photo Courtesy of E. Kieran, University of Florida) FIGURE 25.5 Iron overload in the liver, Rousettus aegyptiacus. (A) Bridging fibrosis with iron overload. Abundant brown pigment is present within and at the margins of the connective tissue. (B) Abundant hemosiderin is present in macrophages at the margins of and within the fibrous connective tissue, with lesser amounts in hepatocytes, bile ducts, and Kupffer cells. Prussian blue.

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“…The remaining brain section was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemistry was performed as described previously (Schatz et al , 2014) using a polyclonal rabbit serum N161-5 (Orbanz & Finke, 2010). Individual serum samples taken post-mortem were tested for the presence of virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) using a modified rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) as described previously (Vos et al , 2004) with BBLV as test virus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies on the genetic, antigenic and pathogenic characteristics of Bokeloh bat lyssavirus

Nolden

Banyard

Finke

et al. 2014

Journal of General Virology

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Bokeloh bat lyssavirus (BBLV), a novel lyssavirus, was isolated from a Natterer’s bat (Myotis nattererii), a chiropteran species with a widespread and abundant distribution across Europe. As a novel lyssavirus, the risks of BBLV to animal and human health are unknown and as such characterization both in vitro and in vivo was required to assess pathogenicity and vaccine protection. Full genome sequence analysis and antigenic cartography demonstrated that the German BBLV isolates are most closely related to European bat lyssavirus type 2 (EBLV-2) and Khujand virus and can be characterized within phylogroup I. In vivo characterization demonstrated that BBLV was pathogenic in mice when inoculated peripherally causing clinical signs typical for rabies encephalitis, with higher pathogenicity observed in juvenile mice. A limited vaccination-challenge experiment in mice was conducted and suggested that current vaccines would afford some protection against BBLV although further studies are warranted to determine a serological cut-off for protection.

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Lyssavirus distribution in naturally infected bats from Germany

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Comparative analysis of European bat lyssavirus 1 pathogenicity in the mouse model

Comparative analysis of European bat lyssavirus 1 pathogenicity in the mouse model

Chiroptera

Comparative studies on the genetic, antigenic and pathogenic characteristics of Bokeloh bat lyssavirus

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